Overlaps and Demarcations in Space and Time: The Literary Discourse of Prague Modernity(ies)

在这个项目中，布拉格的德语和捷克语文学和文化在世纪之交和20世纪初进行了比较，就其交流和描绘的过程。物质上的参照系是布拉格城，尽管在各种集体身份话语中，它也被赋予了不同的象征意义。与塑造时代的文明现代化进程相关的各自处境补充了这一点，当代人的反应范围很广：从肯定，到批判性反思，这往往导致对时代充满危机的诊断，再到拒绝。文学话语的产品的时间在最广泛的意义上，其中包括文学作品，文学批评和文化批评，明确或含蓄地认为，这是潜在的假设，他们自己的立场（布拉格，德国布拉格，捷克布拉格或在更广泛的意义上，波希米亚）在关系到现代性的现象。标题中括号中的复数形式“布拉格现代性”是在问，人们是否可以谈论一种特定的布拉格现代性，或者是否存在着各种各样的现代性观点，但不一定沿着国家界限存在差异。这里提出的两个部分计划主要分别致力于空间和时间的基本范畴。一个专题研究项目探讨现代德语和捷克语散文文本参考各自的空间语义概念，并分析如何在他们的布拉格，或城市意象的布拉格，是仿照和个人或集体的身份概念。因此，我们首先要关注的是，在与城市具体场所（建筑物、纪念碑、纪念馆以及个别地区）的联系中，重建定义当代身份的话语;第二步是考察文学文本如何继续书写这些公共空间的编码，重写它们，完全重新书写它们或质疑它们。麦卡托研究员的图书项目特别关注布拉格的“批判现代主义”传播者，他们的特点是现代的不连续感，对传统和以进步为导向的模式（认识论、科学、宗教、政治或伦理类型）持怀疑态度。在他们的文学和新闻文本中，这种经历主要表现在大都市存在的主题化和他们认为脆弱的身份。本研究的中心问题是，在布拉格，讲德语和捷克语的文化活动者之间的交流活动，以及他们之间的紧张关系和争论，是否，以及在多大程度上，作为一个特定的布拉格各种（关键的中欧）现代性发展的刺激因素。

In this project, the German- and Czech-language literature and culture of Prague around the turn of the century and the early 20th century are compared with regard to their processes of exchange and delineation. The frame of reference in material terms is the city of Prague, though it is also ascribed differing symbolic aspects in the various collective identity discourses. This is supplemented by the respective situatedness in relation to the civilizatory modernization processes shaping the time, with a broad spectrum of reactions among contemporaries: from affirmation, via critical reflection, which often leads to a crisis-ridden diagnosis of the time, to rejection. Products of the literary discourse of the time in the broadest sense, which encompasses works of literature, literary criticism and cultural criticism, explicitly or implicitly view, this is the underlying assumption, their own position (Prague, German-Prague, Czech-Prague or, in a wider sense, Bohemian) in relation to the phenomenon of modernity. The parenthesized plural in the title, "Prague Modernities", asks whether one can speak of a specifically Prague variety of modernity, or whether views of modernity that were heterogeneous, but did not necessarily differ along national lines, existed alongside one another. The two partial projects proposed here are devoted primarily to the basic categories of space and time respectively. A monograph project examines modern German- and Czech-language prose texts with reference to their respective spatio-semantic conceptions and analyzes how the city of Prague, or the city imago of Prague, is modelled in them and viewed in relation to individual or collective notions of identity. The concern, then, is first of all a reconstruction of the defining contemporary identity discourses in their connections to concrete places in the city (buildings, monuments, memorials as well as individual districts); the second step is to examine how literary texts continue writing these encodings of the public space, rewrite them, write them completely anew or question them. The Mercator-Fellows book project focuses especially on purveyors of "critical modernism" in Prague, who, characterized by a feeling of discontinuity in modern times, viewed conventional and progress-oriented models (of an epistemological, scientific, religious, political or ethical kind) with scepticism. In their literary and journalistic texts, this experience manifested itself primarily in the thematization of metropolitan existence and an identity they considered fragile. The central question of the study is whether, and if so to what extent, the exchange movements between German- and Czech-speaking cultural actors evident in Prague, but also the tensions and polemics between them, acted as stimuli for the development of a specific Prague variety of (critical Central European) modernity.