Quantum dynamics in dissipative ultracold atomic gases

量子关联在现代物理和技术中起着重要作用。依赖于相关性的现象，如高Tc超导性或量子磁性，赋予材料不同寻常的特性，并形成传感器或医疗仪器等商用设备的关键部件。目前特别感兴趣的是这些相关的多体系统的动力学。例如，实现量子计算机的努力依赖于相关量子态的动态制备和操纵。此外，最近动态生成的超导性能在室温下，要求的理解和控制的动态驱动状态远离平衡。相关现象的理论描述，特别是它们的动力学，通常是非常复杂的，许多基本问题仍然是开放的。直到最近才发展出第一个有效的理论工具，以使孤立多体系统中的量子动力学能够实现。这些都经过了仔细的测试，与超冷量子气体的实验结果进行了比较，并打开了前景，以良好的控制方式探索动力学效应。我们的目标是推进量子多体系统动力学现象的基本原理的理解。我们将超越孤立的系统，并向环境添加额外的耦合。我们将解决的基本问题，相互作用和耗散的相互作用及其后果对系统的动力学，这是远远没有被理解。

Quantum correlations play an important role in modern physics and technology. Phenomena relying on correlations, such as high-Tcsuperconductivity or quantum magnetism, give materials unusual properties and form key components of commercially available devices such as sensors or medical instrumentation. Of particular current interest is the dynamics of these correlated many-body systems. For example, efforts to realize a quantum computer rely on the dynamical preparation and manipulation of correlated quantum states. Further, the recent dynamical generation of superconducting properties at room temperature, calls for the understanding and the control of dynamically driven states far from equilibrium. The theoretical description of correlation phenomena and in particular of their dynamics is typically very involved and many fundamental questions are still open. Only recently first efficient theoretical tools have been developed in order to enable the treatement of the quantum dynamics in isolated many-body systems. These have been carefully tested in comparison with experimental results of ultracold quantum gases and open the prospect to explore dynamical effects in a well controlled way. Our aim is to advance the understanding of the fundamental principles of the dynamical phenomena in quantum many-body systems. We will go beyond isolated systems and add the additional coupling to an environment. We will address the fundamental questions as the interplay of interaction and dissipation and its consequence onto the system's dynamics which are far from being understood.