Franz Ehrlich. Biography and Catalog of Works

建筑师、设计师和艺术家弗朗茨·埃利希（Franz Ehrlich，1907-1984）的生活和工作反映了20世纪历史上的政治动荡。1927年至1930年，他就读于德绍的包豪斯。1934年，他因“准备叛国罪”被捕，1937年被送往布痕瓦尔德集中营，在那里他被分配到建筑办公室工作。1939年他被释放，但在1941年被转移到柏林之前，他作为“公民囚犯”（他自己描述了他在党卫军建筑办公室的职位）留在布痕瓦尔德。从1943年起，他被关押在德国国防军999刑事部门，并于1946年作为战俘获释。埃利希成为社会民主党的成员，并开始在德累斯顿重建部门的工作。他开始在苏联占领区和最近成立的民主德国作为城市规划师，建筑师，贸易展览设计师和家具设计师为自己命名。作为一名自由职业建筑师，他设计了城市和建筑群，以及家具和室内设计配件，用于部委，政治，科学和文化机构。尽管他被提升为“反法西斯抵抗战士”，但他仍然很容易成为斯大林主义清洗的受害者。1954年，他被国家安全部招募。在公开场合，埃利希一再将自己定位为包豪斯的支持者，他希望这场运动在民主德国获得承认，成为一种进步的传统。他被德国学术界批评为形式主义者。从20世纪60年代初开始，埃利希找到了一个新的主要职业，成为东德驻外贸易代表团的室内设计师。在这方面，他与家具制造商Deutsche Werkstätten Hellerau合作，自1946年以来一直如此。该公司还生产了他著名的602家具系列。在20世纪80年代，埃利希被认为是该国最重要的建筑师和设计师之一。他对自20世纪70年代以来发展起来的包豪斯运动及其对历史的挪用持批判态度，认为这是一种先入为主的想法或观点。“弗朗茨埃利希：传记和作品目录”项目旨在系统地探索这位多面设计师的生活和工作。接受的叙述和神话受到质疑，埃利希的生活被认为是在其历史背景。以埃利希为例，该项目探讨了设计与二十世纪社会政治结构之间的关系。为了实现这一目标，包豪斯德绍基金会档案馆中的文件以及各种档案馆中关于埃利希的大量记录都得到了严格的评估;当时的专著、报纸和学术期刊都得到了仔细的检查，并与同时代人和专家进行了采访。该项目的高潮是出版了一本关于弗朗茨埃利希的综合专题研究。

The life and work of the architect, designer and artist Franz Ehrlich (1907–1984) reflects the political upheavals in twentieth-century history. He studied at the Bauhaus in Dessau from 1927–30. In 1934 he was arrested for “preparations for high treason”, and was sent to Buchenwald concentration camp in 1937, where he was assigned to work in the construction office. He was released in 1939 but stayed in Buchenwald as a “civil prisoner” (as he himself described his position in the SS construction office) before being transferred to Berlin in 1941. From 1943 he was in the Wehrmacht penal division 999, and was released from captivity as a prisoner of war in 1946. Ehrlich became a member of the Socialist Party SED and commenced work in the department of reconstruction in Dresden. He began to make a name for himself in the Soviet zone of occupation and the recently founded GDR as a town planner, architect, trade fair designer, and furniture designer. As a freelance architect, he designed cities and building complexes as well as items of furniture and interior design fittings for ministries, political, scientific and cultural institutions. Despite his elevated position as an “anti-fascist resistance fighter”, he remained vulnerable to becoming the victim of Stalinist purges. In 1954, he was enlisted by the Ministry for State Security.Publically, Ehrlich repeatedy positioned himself as a Bauhaus supporter, whic movement he wanted to achieve recognition in the GDR as a progressive tradition. He was criticized for being a formalist by the Deutschen Bauakademie. From the early 1960s, Ehrlich found a new primary occupation as the interior designer of GDR trade missions abroad. In this, he worked together with the furniture manufacturer Deutsche Werkstätten Hellerau, as he had done since 1946. The firm also produced his well-known 602 furniture series. In the 1980s, Ehrlich was regarded as one of the country’s most important architects and designers. He held a critical view of research into the Bauhaus movement which had developed since the 1970s and its appropriation of history, which he argued it deliberately falsified following a preconceived idea or opinion.The project “Franz Ehrlich: Biography and Catalog of Works” seeks to systematically explore the life and work of this multifaceted designer. Accepted narratives and myths are questioned, and Ehrlich’s life is considered within its historical context. With Ehrlich as an example, the project examines the relationship between design and sociopolitical structures in the twentieth century . To realize this aim, documents in the Bauhaus Dessau foundation archives as well as numerous records on Ehrlich in various archives have been critically evaluated; monographs, newspapers, and academic journals from the time have been examined carefully, and interviews have been conducted with contemporaries and experts. The project culminates with the publication of a comprehensive monographic study on Franz Ehrlich.