Mendel Lefin Satanover's Yiddish Translation of Job: Edition of an Important Document of Early 19th-Century East-European Haskalah

Menahem Mendel Lefin（1746-1826）在Satanów（1746-1826）翻译的意第绪语圣经，是加利西亚和波多利亚Haskalah（犹太启蒙运动）的核心人物，属于现代东方意第绪语最早的文件，反映了方言的真实形式。同时，它们也是已知最早将《圣经》以现代语言翻译成意第绪语的尝试之一。Lefin将Mishle（箴言），Kohelet（传道书），Echa（哀歌），Ijov（约伯记）和Tehillim（诗篇）翻译成他的母语Podolia的意第绪语方言。在他的一生中，只有米歇尔出版了（1814年）；Kohelet 1819年的一份书法手稿，今天仅存为照相复制品，可能是为了替代印刷出版物。在莱芬的其他译本中，只有一份手稿（MS 8°1053，犹太国家图书馆，耶路撒冷）流传下来，其中包含一个版本的《哀歌》和《约伯记》和《诗篇》的片段。莱芬的圣经翻译不仅是意第绪语和文学史的重要来源，也是东欧阿什肯纳兹犹太人的历史和文化的重要来源，特别是哈斯卡拉时代，以及犹太圣经翻译的历史。尽管这具有多方面的重要性，但莱文的意第绪语圣经译本（或他的任何其他作品）没有批评版本。该项目的目标是为耶路撒冷手稿8°1053中包含的意第绪语翻译之一（Lefin翻译的约伯记）准备一个学术版本，这将是实现更广泛愿望的关键一步。评注版将为意第绪语或意第绪语文献学的历史研究以及与文本内容特别相关的主题调查提供可靠的文本基础，例如在哈斯卡拉或犹太训诂学的历史领域。该版本主要针对意第绪语语言和文学的学者，以及打算专攻这些领域的研究生和博士生。此外，它也将是有价值的学者邻近学科（如那些在犹太，德语，斯拉夫和闪米特研究；语言学，圣经和宗教研究；以及犹太和基督教神学）谁已经获得了大量的阅读知识，现代标准意第绪语。

The Yiddish Bible translations of Menahem Mendel Lefin of Satanów (1746-1826), a central figure of the Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment) in Galicia and Podolia, belong to the earliest documents of Modern Eastern Yiddish that reflect an authentic form of the vernacular. At the same time, they are one of the earliest known attempts of translating the Bible into Yiddish in a modern key. Lefin translated Mishle (Proverbs), Kohelet (Ecclesiastes), Echa (Lamentations), Ijov (Job), and Tehillim (Psalms) into his native Yiddish dialect of Podolia. In his lifetime, only Mishle was printed (1814); a calligraphic manuscript of Kohelet of 1819, which today is extant only as a photomechanical reproduction, was probably meant to serve as a substitute for a printed publication. Of Lefin's other translations, only one manuscript (MS 8° 1053, Jewish National Library, Jerusalem), which contains a version of Lamentations and fragments of Job and Psalms, has come down to us. Lefin's Bible translations are an important source not only for the history of the Yiddish language and literature, but also for the history and culture of Ashkenazic Jewry in Eastern Europe, especially for the epoch of the Haskalah, and for the history of Jewish Bible translation in general. In spite of this multi-faceted importance, there is no critical edition of Lefin's Yiddish Bible translations (or of any other of his writings). The objective of this project is to prepare a scholarly edition of one of the Yiddish translations contained in the Jerusalem manuscript 8° 1053, Lefin's translation of Job, which will be a crucial step in attaining the broader desideratum. The annotated critical edition will provide a reliable textual base for research in the history of the Yiddish language or in Yiddish philology as well as for investigations of topics specifically related to the content of the text, such as in the fields of the history of the Haskalah or of Jewish exegesis. The edition is primarily intended for scholars of Yiddish language and literature and for graduate and PhD students who are going to specialize in these fields. In addition, it will also be of value for scholars of adjacent disciplines (such as those in Jewish, German, Slavic, and Semitic studies; linguistics, Bible and Religious studies; and Jewish and Christian theology) who have acquired a substantial reading knowledge in Modern Standard Yiddish.