The Impact of Spokesperson Nationality and Gender on Corporate Crisis Communication Efforts in Japan

上个财政年度的重点研究集中在本研究项目的第二个重点研究(研究2)，该研究集中于不同CEO国籍对日本危机沟通有效性的影响。在本财政年度开始时，完成了研究2第二个主要组成部分的数据收集阶段，该研究考察了受众对五个国家的陈规定型观念如何影响危机应对信息在本组织声誉成果方面的效力。采用2(危机应对：匹配、不匹配)×5(首席执行官国籍：日本、中国、美国、英国、菲律宾)实验研究设计，发现首席执行官国籍确实显著影响公司声誉结果。例如，中国CEO的公司声誉得分明显低于美国和英国的CEO条件。然而，就国籍对公司声誉的总体影响而言，这些国籍的人与日本CEO没有显著不同。对于某些民族，较高的信任感和胜任能力的积极间接影响抵消了民族的消极直接影响。这表明，在日本发生企业危机时，外国和国内组织可能都不必担心让外国首席执行官代表他们的公司。研究2的结果在一次会议上公布。

The past fiscal year was focused on the second key study of this research project (study 2), which focuses on the effect of different CEO nationalities on crisis communication effectiveness in Japan. The beginning of the fiscal year saw the completion of the data collection phase for the second major component of study 2, which looked at how audience stereotypes about five nationalities affected the effectiveness of crisis response messages in terms of reputational outcomes for the organization. Using a 2 (crisis response: matched, unmatched) x 5 (CEO nationality: Japan, China, USA, UK, Philippines) experimental study design, I found that CEO nationality did significantly affect company reputation outcomes. The Chinese CEO condition, for example, received significantly lower company reputation scores than both the US and UK CEO conditions. However, none of the nationalities differed significantly from the Japanese CEO in terms of the overall impact of nationality on company reputation. For some nationalities, positive indirect effects of higher perceptions of trustworthiness and competence offset negative direct effects of nationality. This suggests that both foreign and domestic organizations may not have to worry about having a foreign CEO representing their company during a corporate crisis in Japan. The results of study 2 were presented at a conference.