Impact of upper tropospheric jet-front systems on the mesoscale structure of the tropopause inversion layer and cross-tropopause transport [MESO-TIL]

本研究计划是针对HALO WISE任务，重点研究对流层顶逆温层（TIL）的形成及其对中尺度平流层对流层交换（STE）的影响。该项目的基础是斜压生命周期实验中TIL的理想化研究的最新结果。主要目标是在这些理想化的研究中验证TIL形成的预测，以及提高对中尺度STE形成过程的理解。具体而言，本项目将解决三个科学问题：(1)北大西洋，特别是在斜压生命周期强烈影响的地区和STE地区，TIL的变化程度如何？(2)哪些过程对TIL的中尺度变率贡献最大？(3)平流层下层急流锋系统的小尺度波对TIL和混合层深度的影响有多大？我们将使用多种方法来回答这些问题。来自ECMWF的分析数据以及拉格朗日方法将用于研究北大西洋的TIL和STE，北大西洋是WISE任务感兴趣的地区。在WISE任务期间，将使用新的数值天气预报模式ICON进行高分辨率模式模拟。这可以量化在气旋和反气旋流动区域的实际案例研究中，单个过程对TIL的贡献。此外，还将结合观测资料对模式资料进行分析，研究TIL和小尺度波对温带混合层深度的影响。

This research proposal is dedicated to the HALO mission WISE, with a special focus on the formation of the tropopause inversion layer (TIL) and its impact on stratosphere troposphere exchange (STE) on the mesoscale. The basis for this project are recent results from idealized studies of the TIL in baroclinic life cycle experiments. Major goals are to verify predictions of the TIL formation in these idealized studies as well as to improve the understanding of processes that contribute to STE on the mesoscale. Specifically, three scientific question will be addressed in this project: (1) How variable is the TIL over the North Atlantic, especially in regions strongly influenced by baroclinic lifecycles and in regions of STE? (2) Which processes contribute most to the mesoscale variability of the TIL? (3) How large is the impact of small scale waves from the jet-front system in the lower stratosphere on the TIL and on the depth of the mixing layer? A combination of methods will be used to answer these questions. Analysis data from the ECMWF along with Lagrangian methods will be applied to study the TIL and STE over the North Atlantic which is the region of interest of the WISE mission. For the time of the WISE mission high resolution model simulations will be conducted with the new numerical weather prediction model ICON. This allows to quantify how much individual processes contribute to the TIL in real case studies in regions of cyclonic and anti-cyclonic flow. Moreover, the model data will be analyzed in combination with observational data to study the impact of the TIL and of small scale waves on the depth of the extratropical mixing layer.