Thermophysical properties of multicomponent liquid alloys

本文综述了近年来在液态多组分合金热物性测量方面的研究成果。由于绝大多数技术上有趣的合金都是多组分的，因此这项工作的中心问题是这些性能对材料成分的依赖是否可以在液态下澄清。为了详细了解液体材料的宏观行为，对其热物理性质的精确了解是一个基本的先决条件。因此，特别强调电磁或静电悬浮等无容器测量方法的作用。通过密度、表面张力和粘度的例子，研究了从单原子体系、二元体系到三元体系的混合行为。本文研究了是否可以在相似的系统中识别出共同的趋势，以及多组分合金的性能是否可以与其子系统的性能相关联。对已建立的模型进行测试和验证。性质间关系，如斯托克斯-爱因斯坦关系，被审查和批判性地讨论。最后，给出了应用实例。这本书包含了一个有用的数据收集，专门为从业者，过程工程师和专门的材料模拟器。本研究有助于加深对液相及其热物理性质的认识，并有助于从熔体出发改进计算机辅助材料设计。

This present work reviews recent achievements in the field of thermophysical property measurements of liquid multicomponent alloys. The work is centered on the question of whether the dependence of these properties on material composition can be clarified in the liquid state, as the vast majority of technically interesting alloys are multicomponent. In order to obtain a detailed understanding of the macroscopic behavior of liquid materials, a precise knowledge of their thermophysical properties is a fundamental prerequisite. The role of containerless measurement methods, such as electromagnetic or electrostatic levitation, are therefore, particularly emphasized.Through examples of density, surface tension and viscosity, mixing behavior is studied by moving stepwise from mono-atomic-, via binary- to ternary systems. It is hereby investigated whether common trends can be identified among similar systems and if the properties of a multicomponent alloy can be related to those of its subsystems. Established models are tested and validated. Inter-property relations, such as the Stokes-Einstein-relation, are reviewed and critically discussed. Finally, application examples are described. The book contains a useful data collection dedicated to the practitioner, the process engineer and devoted materials simulator. The present work contributes to a deeper understanding of the liquid phase and its thermophysical properties and to an improvement of Computer Aided Materials Design from the Melt.