High-pressure laboratories of Bayerisches Geoinstitut

高压研究对地球和材料科学、固态物理和化学都是必不可少的。地球物理研究所是欧洲领先的地球科学高压研究设施，将现代高压研究的几乎所有仪器都集中在一个地点。许多实验设施在欧洲是独一无二的，有些在世界上也是独一无二的(例如，5000吨多顶压机；具有六个独立顶锤的新型立方压力机；同时测量钻石顶顶室中单晶的布里渊光谱和X射线衍射图的设备；新的便携式激光加热设备)。2013-2016年间，来自德国和国外的40多个研究小组在DFG核心设施的支持下访问了拜里里斯地质研究所。大多数参观者来自大学，但也来自其他研究机构(MPG，Fraunhofer UK)。项目包括来自地球和行星科学、材料科学和固体物理的研究课题，如水星的演化、地球最下面的S地幔的结构发展，或用于色心激光应用的钻石缺陷的退火。本申请延长核心设施供资的目的是继续向外部用户提供巴耶里斯地质研究所的设施。过去三年的经验表明，特别是对许多团体来说，免费进行少量探索性实验的可能性是必不可少的；只有在DFG的支持下才能准许这种机会。此外，DFG资金将用于提高现有设施的实验能力；这将包括使用WC砧子将多座压力机的常规压力范围扩大到30 Gpa以上，这是一项在欧洲独一无二的技术。外部用户将以两种不同的方式获得准入：(1)获得DFG赠款的用户可以支付实验费用；(2)没有这种赠款的用户可以免费进行探索性研究。所有高压设备将向外部用户开放；如果高压实验需要，所有分析设备都可以免费使用。所有外部用户将在他们的实验中得到科学家工作人员的支持；这包括在最佳实验设计和数据评估方面的建议。将为游客提供客人办公室，研究所的秘书人员将在预订酒店房间和其他后勤方面提供支持。在DFG资金终止后，外部用户仍可使用巴耶里斯地质研究所的高压实验室；然而，这将要求用户支付实验的全部费用。

High-pressure research is essential for Earth and materials science, solid state physics and chemistry. The Geoinstitut is the leading facility for high-pressure research in Earth sciences in Europe, combining virtually all instruments of modern high-pressure research at one site. Many of the experimental facilities are unique in Europe, some are unique worldwide (e.g. 5000 ton multi anvil press; novel cubic press with six independent anvils; apparatus for the simultaneous measurement of Brillouin spectra and X-ray difffraction patterns on single crystals in diamond anvil cells; new portable laser-heating devices).In 2013 - 2016, more than 40 research groups from Germany and abroad visited Bayerisches Geoinstitut with support from the DFG Core Facility. Most of the visitors came from universities, but also from other research institutes (MPG, Fraunhofer UK). Projects included research topics from Earth and planetary science, material science, and solid-state physics, such as the evolution of planet Mercury, texture development in the lowermost Earth´s mantle, or the annealing of defects in diamonds for applications in color center lasers. The purpose of the present application for extension of Core Facility funding is to continue to make the facilities of Bayerisches Geoinstitut available for external users. Experience in the last three years had shown that in particular, the possibility to carry out a small number of exploratory experiments for free is essential for many groups; this kind of access can only be granted with support from DFG. Moreover, the DFG funding will be used to improve the experimental capability of the available facilities; this will include the extension of the routinely accessible pressure range of multi anvil presses beyond 30 GPa using WC anvils, a technology that would be unique in Europe.Access to external users will be granted in two different modes: (1) Users with approved DFG grants may pay for experiments (2) users without such grants may carry out exploratory studies free of charge. All high-pressure equipment will be made available to external users; all analytical equipment may be used free of charge if it is necessary for the high-pressure experiments. All external users will be supported by staff scientists in their experiments; this includes advice in optimum experimental design and data evaluation. Guest offices will be provided to the visitors and the secretarial staff of the institute will provide support in booking hotel rooms and other logistics. The high-pressure laboratories of Bayerisches Geoinstitut will remain accessible for external users after termination of DFG funding; this will, however, require that users then pay for the full costs of experiments.