The social construction of "authenticity" in architecture. A cultural sociology of practices of judgement in urban built space

该项目位于文化社会学领域，分析了城市建筑中“真实性”的社会建构的当代实践。本研究问题的背景是20世纪80年代和90年代以来城市“文化再生”的深刻过程，在此过程中，西方城市在其真正的“文化”品质（体验价值、消费价值、旅游价值等）方面发生了转变。在这种背景下，建筑的建造空间正在转变为相互冲突的社会评价实践的中心。该项目认为，当代社会对城市空间建筑维度的评价——无论是专家还是日常用户——越来越多地围绕着“真实性”的真正文化价值。对“真实”的求助似乎指的是一些自然的东西，指的是对“做得好”的内在衡量——然而，事实上，这些判断是基于复杂的、经常有争议的社会标准，即什么是真实的，什么是不真实的。因此，该项目位于新成立的建筑社会学、城市社会学和判断实践社会学的交叉点。它的社会理论背景是社会实践理论。两个案例研究探讨了围绕建筑空间评估标准的冲突：1)第一个案例研究涉及建筑公司中专业建筑师的建筑“设计”标准；2)第二个案例研究涉及联合国教科文组织对“制造”真实性的批评话语及其将建筑授予“世界文化遗产”。该项目采用了定性方法，如参与观察、访谈、话语分析和文献研究，此外还采用了视觉方法，如照片提取和认知或心理映射。

Situated in the field of a sociology of culture, the project analyses contemporary practices of the social construction of "authenticity" in urban architecture. The background of this research question is the profound processes of "cultural regeneration", of a "culturalisation" of the urban since the 1980s and 90s, in the course of which Western cities are transformed in terms of their genuinely "cultural" qualities (experience value, consumption, touristic value etc.). In this context, the built space of architecture is shifting into the centre of conflicting social practices of evaluation. The project contends that contemporary social evaluation of the architectural dimension of urban space - by experts and everyday users alike - increasingly revolves around the genuinely cultural value of "authenticity". The recourse to the "authentic" seems to refer to something natural, to a immanent measure of the "well done" - in fact, however, these judgements are based upon complex and often contested social criteria of what counts as authentic and as inauthentic. The project thus is situated at the point of intersection of the - newly founded - sociology of architecture, urban sociology and a sociology of the practices of judgment. Its social-theoretical background is a theory of social practices.The conflicts around the criteria for the evaluation of built space are being explored in two case studies: 1) The first case study deals with the criteria motivating the "design" of architecture on the part of professional architects in architectural firms; 2) The second case study deals with the critical discourses of "making" authenticity on the part of the UNESCO and its awarding of architecture as "world cultural heritage". The project draws on qualitative methods such as participant observation, interviews, discourse analysis and documentary research, besides visual methods of photo elicitation and cognitive or mental mapping are applied.