From mimesis to metric: The changing awareness of space as a category of administration caused by cartography in Northern Germany during the late 16th and early 17th century

该研究项目系统地考察了近代早期政治和行政管理中空间意识的发展，并重点研究了1570年至1620年间在德国北部以地图为基础绘制边界的过程。在这段和平时期，无数的边界争端得到解决，以找到明确界定的领土。在16世纪，边界的线性表示被证明是解决方案，并考虑到已经发展的测量技术和君主管理。边界的这种转变- -作为空间中最重要的图形和欣赏空间意识的基础- -从边界到线性边界是基于地图的，这有助于将有争议的问题可视化，设计明确界定的空间，并为管理目的构成领土。将这些地图与相应的文件联系起来，为分析这一谈判过程走向基于空间的裁决提供了基础。因此，地图不应该被认为是一种被动的表现元素，只是将空间可视化，而是作为一种产生空间的行为工具。本研究项目以德国北部一个中央公国与众多邻近领土在23次边界争端中的互动为基础，对近代早期初期的统治观念和权力行使等方面做出贡献。

The research project systematically examines the development of the awareness of space in politics and administration in the early modern period and focuses the process of drawing borders on a cartographic basis in Northern Germany between 1570 and 1620. In this period of peace countless border disputes were settled in order to find clearly defined territories. In the 16th century the linear representation of borders proved to be the solution and gave consideration to both the already developed measuring technology as the princely administration. This transformation of the border - as the most important figure of space and fundamental in order to appreciate awareness of space - from borderland to a linear border was based on maps which helped to visualise the matter in dispute, to design clearly defined spaces and to constitute territories for the purpose of administration. Linking these maps to their corresponding files provides the basis for an analysis of this negotiation process on its way to a space based ruling. Therefore, maps should not be considered as a passive element of representation which just visualises space, but as an acting instrument which rather produces space. Based on a central principality in Northern Germany in its interaction with numerous neighbouring territories in a total of 23 border disputes, this research project should make its contribution to aspects as concept of ruling and exercise of power at the beginning of the early modern period.