Defining floodplain boundaries considering hydraulic and ecologic aspects as basis for the development of an integrated approach to quantify ecosystem services of floodplains on the landscape scale

拟议项目的目的是制定一种中尺度方法，以量化洪泛区的生态系统服务。水力和生态方面被认为是确定相互作用的限度，从而确定洪泛区的范围及其在提供对人类福祉至关重要的生态系统服务方面的功能，尽管洪泛区的生态重要性和重大危害在全世界都是众所周知的，但仍在采取措施，使洪泛区的状况和服务在未知的范围内恶化。其原因是对洪泛区状况、人为措施、自然过程和生态系统服务之间的相互作用了解有限。在计算措施的成本时，忽略了后者，因为在相关的尺度，即景观尺度上，缺乏评价这些服务的综合方法，生态系统服务研究的不足之处在于使用了各种措辞，定义不一致，尺度和指标也不同。现有的方法要么是基于小规模的，过于复杂，要么是基于全球规模的，过于简单，无法将其转移到景观规模。将洪泛区范围视为空间基础的全球方法已经失败。开发了一种可转让的方法，可以全面应用生态系统服务概念，包括九种生态系统服务：水文、水质和气候服务、生物多样性、粮食、建筑和高能材料生产、保护免受自然灾害和文化遗产。由公开的洪水危险图提供的频繁洪水的水力淹没区可作为空间基础。第一次，这些地图的适用性进行了分析，通过综合植被和地面甲虫的数据集提供的研究机构，即德国联邦水文研究所和杜伊斯堡-埃森大学。基于地理数据集和文献研究，为9种生态系统服务中的每一种服务开发了新的指标。通过Meta分析，对现有经济指标的可移植性进行了评价。这些价值将被纳入生态系统服务的经济评估，最终导致在景观尺度上计算洪泛区的经济价值。因此，洪泛区及其养护、保护和恢复可以得到实质性的考虑。考虑到十个已经开展的洪泛区恢复项目，这种方法是使用成本效益的方法进行验证。这种新的综合方法是跨学科的，以满足洪泛区的复杂性及其在景观尺度上提供的服务所带来的挑战。通过评估生态系统服务，提供了与其他学科的各种链接。最后，除其他外，生物学家，水文学家，地球科学家和经济学家都得到了一个统一的数据库。

The aim of the proposed project is the development of a mesoscale approach to quantify ecosystem services of floodplains. Hydraulic and ecological aspects are considered to define limits of interaction and thus floodplain extents and their functioning regarding the provision of ecosystem services which are fundamental for human well-being.Although the ecological importance and major endangerment of floodplains are known and acknowledged worldwide, measures are still taken which deteriorate the status of floodplains and services in an unknown dimension. The reason for that is the limited understanding of interactions between floodplain status, anthropogenic measures, natural processes and ecosystem services. The latter of these services is neglected when calculating costs for measures because an integrated approach to evaluate these services is missing on the relevant scale, the landscape scale.The deficits in research on ecosystem services are the use of various wordings and not consistent definitions as well as different scales and indicators. Existing approaches are based on either a small scale and are too complex or on the global scale and are too simple to transfer them to landscape scale. Global approaches already fail regarding the floodplain extent as a spatial basis. A transferable method is developed that allows a comprehensive application of the ecosystem service concept including nine ecosystem services: hydrological, water quality and climate services, biodiversity, food, construction and energetic material production, protection from natural hazards and cultural heritage. The hydraulically derived inundation areas of frequent floods provided by publicly available flood hazard maps serve as a spatial basis. For the first time, the suitability of these maps is analyzed by means of comprehensive vegetation and ground beetle data sets provided by research institutes namely the German Federal Institute of Hydrology and the University Duisburg-Essen. New indicators for each of the nine ecosystem services are developed basing on geodatasets and literature research. By Meta-Analysis, the transferability of existing economic proxies is reviewed. These values will then be included into the economic evaluation of ecosystem services which finally leads to a calculation of the economic value of floodplains on landscape scale. As a result, floodplains and their conservation, protection and restoration can be considered in a substantial way. Considering ten already carried out floodplain restoration projects this approach is validated using a cost-efficiency-approach.This new integrated approach is interdisciplinary to meet the challenges resulting from the complexity of floodplains and their provided services on the landscape scale. By valuating ecosystem services various links to other disciplines are provided. Finally, amongst others, biologists, hydrologists, geoscientists and economists receive a unified databasis.