Genetic background of tradeoffs related to the adaptation to different light conditions: molecular evolutionary ecology using two Viola

我们将两个亲缘关系较近的堇菜种的杂交区域作为研究重点，这两个杂交区域是由偏爱阴凉的紫菜（V. eizanensis）和偏爱开阔的紫菜（V. chaerophylloides）入侵形成的。利用339个AFLP位点估计杂种的遗传结构和世代。通过cpDNA atpI-atpH测序证实了母系遗传。表型变异是通过叶片厚度和叶片解剖来测定的，在不同种之间存在差异。分子分析表明，杂交个体的基因组被eizanensis取代。杂交指数与两种叶片性状呈极显著相关。这些结果表明，对遮荫生境的适应基因在杂交种中是固定的，两个叶片性状对其适应光环境很重要。在QTL分析方面，我们测量了443个F2个体的5个性状，并分析了AFLP模式。

We focused hybrid area of two closely related Viola species that was formed by invasions of V. eizanensis preferring more shaded places to V. chaerophylloides preferring more open places. 339 AFLP loci were used to estimate genetic architecture and generation of hybrids. Maternal inheritance was confirmed thorough sequencing of cpDNA atpI-atpH. Phenotypic variations were measured by leaf thickness and leaf dissection that were diversified between species. Molecular analysis showed that a genome of hybrid individuals was replaced by V. eizanensis. Significant correlations were observed between hybrid indices and two leaf traits. These results suggested adaptive genes of V. eizanensis to shaded habitats were fixed among hybrids and two leaf traits were important for their adaptation to light environments. For QTL analysis, we measured 5 traits for 443 F2 individuals and analyzed AFLP patterns.