Developmental Research of New-Ceramics and Metal Composite Wear Resistant Materials

本研究的目的是建立新型陶瓷与铁基合金的连接技术，进而研制其复合材料的耐磨性。本次调查的结果如下：（1）WC基金属陶瓷是由Fe-C合金和Cr含量不超过15% Fe-Cr-C合金的熔体铸造连接而成的。而27%Cr合金由于<Cr_2><O_3>在熔体表面形成了一层膜，降低了结合条件。在金属陶瓷上镀Ni-P合金，可显著改善高铬Fe-Cr-C合金熔体的润湿性。TiC基金属陶瓷与Fe-C合金的结合状况良好，这是因为金属陶瓷中含有Mo和Ni。(2)用高铬铸铁对WC基和TiC基金属陶瓷骨架进行浸渗，并与Fe-27% Cr-C合金进行铸焊，获得了复合材料。(3)采用等离子喷涂技术制备了CrB陶瓷基涂层与钢的复合材料，其结合是通过在涂层与钢之间形成合金相实现的。热处理条件改变了镀层的合金相和结构。(4)VC与<Cr_3><C_2>陶瓷和Fe-Cr-Ni合金熔体的组合以及NbC、WC和VC陶瓷与含碳量较高的Fe-Cr-C合金熔体的组合有利于采用复合铸造技术生产复合材料。几种精细陶瓷和Fe-27%Cr-3.6C合金材料的耐磨性比27%Cr共晶铸铁提高4 ~ 5倍。

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO ESTABLISH THE TECHNIQUES OF BONDING THE NEW CERAMICS AND IRON BASE ALLOYS AND THEN TO DEVELOP THEIR COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR ABRASION WEAR RESISTANCE. THE RESULTS CLARIFIED FROM THIS INVESTIGATION ARE AS FOLLOWS:(1) WC BASE CERMETS WERE CAST-BONDED BY THE MELTS OF Fe-C ALLOY AND Fe-Cr-C ALLOY CONTAINING UP TO 15%Cr. IN 27%Cr ALLOY, HOWEVER, THE BONDING CONDITION WAS LOWERED BECAUSE OF <Cr_2> <O_3> FILM FORMED ON THE SURFACE OF THE MELT. Ni-P ALLOY PLATING ON THE CERMET IMPROVED EFFECTIVELY THE WETTABILITY OF THE Fe-Cr-C ALLOY MELT WITH HIGHER CHROMIUM CONTENT. BONDING CONDITION OF TiC BASE CERMET AND Fe-C ALLOY WAS FAIRLY GOOD BECAUSE OF Mo AND Ni IN THE CERMET.(2) SKELTONS OF WC BASE AND TiC BASE CERMETS COULD BE INFILTRATED BY HIGH CHROMIUM CAST IRON AND FURTHERMORE THEY WERE SUCCESSFULLY CAST-BONDED BY Fe-27%Cr-C ALLOY TO MANUFACTURE THEIR COMPOSITE MATERIALS.(3) COMPOSITE MATERIALS OF CrB CERAMIC BASE COATING AND STEEL WERE MANUFACTURED BY THE PLASMA SPRAYING AND THEIR BONDING WAS CAUSED BY FORMING THE ALLOYED PHASE BETWEEN THEM. THE ALLOYED PHASE AND THE STRUCTURE OF COATING WERE CHANGED BY THE CONDITIONS OF HEAT TREATMENT.(4) THE COMBINATIONS OF VC AND <Cr_3> <C_2> CERAMICS AND Fe-Cr-Ni ALLOY MELT, AND THOSE OF NbC, WC AND VC CERAMICS AND Fe-Cr-C ALLOY MELT WITH HIGHER CARBON CONTENT WERE GOOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS BY COMPO-CASTING TECHNIQUE. THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF THE MATERIALS OF THE SEVERAL FINE CERAMICS AND Fe-27%Cr-3.6C ALLOY SHOWED FOUR TO FIVE TIMES AS LARGE AS THAT OF 27%Cr EUTECTIC CAST IRON.