Studies on Technique for Preparation and Isolation of a Large Amount of Oligosaccharides and on Utilization of Oligosaccharides.

1. 为了将转糖基化应用于酶促低聚糖合成中，从啤酒酵母中纯化出各种类型的< α > -葡萄糖苷酶为结晶或均相蛋白。黑麦，Asp，米，蜜蜂和荞麦。以固定化荞麦< α > -葡萄糖苷酶为原料，经转糖基化反应合成了新的三糖<3^G> - < α > -葡萄糖基蔗糖。采用结晶Asp法制备了异麦芽糖、戊糖等二糖和三糖。3 .尼日尔< α > -葡萄糖苷酶。荞麦< α > -葡萄糖苷酶能够特异性地产生曲糖和黑糖。但同时测定反应混合物中曲二糖、黑糖、麦芽糖和异麦芽糖的方法尚未见报道。本文首次采用气液色谱和纸层析相结合的方法对荞麦< α - > -葡萄糖苷酶产生的双糖量进行了定量测定。采用本研究建立的酶法合成了大量的曲二糖或黑糖。通常很难从麦芽糖中分离出黑糖。建立了利用对黑糖无水解活性的蜜蜂< α > -葡萄糖苷酶制备纯黑糖的工艺。6. 从Asp中纯化了一种纤维素酶。研究了纤维素低聚糖的制备方法。从球芽麦芽糖中均质纯化了一种异麦芽糖葡聚糖酶，用于制备异麦芽糖。

1. For the application of the transglucosylation to enzymatic syntheses of oligosaccharides, various types of <alpha> -glucosidases were purified as crystalline or homogeneous protein from brewer's yeast, Asp. niger, Asp, oryzae honey bee and buckwheat.2. New trisaccharide, <3^G> - <alpha> -glucosyl-sucrose was synthesized by the transglucosylation of immobilized buckwheat <alpha> -glucosidase.3. Di- and trisaccharides such as isomaltose and panose were prepared and isolated by crystalline Asp. niger <alpha> -glucosidase.4. Buckwheat <alpha> -glucosidase are capable of specifically producing kojibiose and nigerose. However, there has been no report on the method for simultaneous determination of kojibiose, nigerose, maltose and isomaltose in the reaction mixture. The amounts of disaccharides produced by buckwheat <alpha> -glucosidase were quantitatively determined for the first time by combination of a gas-liquid and a paper chromatographic methods. A large amount of kojibiose or nigerose was enzymatically synthesized by the technique estabished in this reaearch.5. It is usually difficult to separate nigerose from maltose. A technique by which pure nigerose can be prepared was established by use of honeybee <alpha> -glucosidase having no hydrolytic activity to nigerose. 6. A cellulase was purified from Asp. niger for the examination of the preparation method of cello-oligosaccharides.7. An isomalto-dextranase was homogeneously purified from A. globiformis for the preparation of isomaltose.