Objective examination of genetic carrier of congenital red-green color blindness by Electroretinography

先前在人类中报道了ERG中的快速关闭反应主要由视锥细胞在特定刺激参数下的晚期受体电位的衰减组成。本研究描述了原始携带者和次携带者受试者的快速关闭反应的光谱灵敏度，最终目的是在受体水平上客观检测先天性红绿色盲的遗传携带者。原始携带者的快速关闭反应的平均灵敏度在540 nm和更长波长处较低，在480 nm和500 nm处较高，与正常对照组相比。牙本质携带者在560 nm和较短波长处的平均快脱反应灵敏度略低于正常人，而在600 nm和620 nm处的平均快脱反应灵敏度高于正常人，但上述两种携带者的灵敏度变化不像牙本质和牙本质那样明显。因此，原携带者和牙本质携带者的平均光谱敏感度曲线介于正常人和相应的色盲者之间，原携带者在480 nm处的敏感度与在620 nm处的敏感度之比小于原携带者，而大于正常人。本研究结果表明，部分原携带者和氘携带者在视锥细胞受体水平上存在异常。

The rapid off-response in the ERG was previously reported in the human to be composed mainly of the decay of the late receptor potential of cones at particular stimulus parameters. The present study describes the spectral sensitivity of the rapid off-response in proto-carrier and deutero-carrier subjects, with an ultimate purpose of an objective detection of a genetic carrier of congenital red-green color blindness at receptor level.The mean of the sensitivity of the rapid off-response was lower at 540 nm and longer wavelengths, and higher at 480 nm and 500 nm in protocarriers, as compared with normal control. The mean sensitivity of the rapid off-response was slightly lower at 560 nm amd shorter wavelengths, and higher at 600 nm and 620 nm in dentero-carriers than in normal subjects.The changes of the sensitivity in the carriers mentioned above was not so prominent as in protans and dentans. Thus the mean spectral sensitivity curve in the proto- or dentero-carriers lay between the curves in normal subjects and those in respective color blindness (pcotans, deutans).The ratio of the sensitivity at 480 nm to the sensitivity at 620 nm in protocarriers tended to be smaller than the ratio in protans, and larger than the ratio in normal subjects. The ratio in most of dentero-carriers was smaller than normal.The findings of the present study demonstrate that some of proto-carriers and deutero carriers are abnormal at the level of cone receptor level.