Development of the method for designing a shakuhachi of desirable tone quality

1.研究了五种孔型的导纳谱，它们是和声结构在弹奏状态下的决定性质。所研究的炮孔形状是现代弦琴的两种典型形状，观察到的阶梯形是在用于早期安全音乐的旧弦琴中观察到的，圆柱形和圆锥形。后两种类型被修改为在12等温条件下在恒定音调中调谐。结果发现，前三种类型优于后两种类型，从可以期待更丰富的出音和声的观点来看。在三种类型中，有两种类型是古典音乐的理想类型，因为低奇和谐比和声占优势，可以表现出和声。另一种则没有表现出这样的特征，被认为更适合流行的同时代音乐。在此基础上，提出了两种孔型和音孔标准尺寸规范。其中一个最受欢迎的是古典音乐，另一个是对比性的轻音乐。这些孔型模型由圆锥形和圆柱形两部分组成，便于制作。获得任何所需的语音语调特性和确定音调色调所需的准确性。孔直径的误差必须在(+-)0.1 mm以内，贯穿整个长度的2/3。除内孔中点外，尺寸误差应小于(+-)0.3 mm。找到了对结构尺寸稍加修改以获得所需音调的明显有效的方法，并用BASIC语言编制了确定尺寸规格的计算机程序。本文还给出了计算共振特性的计算机程序。

1. Admittance spectra, which are the determinant property of the harmonicstructure of shakuhachis when they are in the playing state, are investigated as for 5 Kinds of bore shapres. The investigated bore shapes are 2 typical ones of contemporary shakuhachis, steplike shapr observed observed in old shakuhachis made for ecarly secualr music, cylindrical onr and conical ont The last 2 types are modified in orfer to be tuned in 12 equl tempermatnt in conert pitch. As a result, the former 3 types are found to be superior the the latter 2 ones from the viewooint that richer harmonics of played tones can be expected. Among the 3 types, 2 types are found to be desirable for classic music, since dominace of lower odd harmonics over harmonics can ecen haronics van ge exprcted. Another one de not exhibit such a feature and is regarded to be suitable rather to popular cotemporaty music.2. Based on these findeigs, 2 specifications of stanard dimension of bore shape and tone holes are presented. One in desirable for classic music nad nother is for contrmporaty light music. These bore shape models are composed of conical and cylindracl portond for expedience of making.3. Accuracy needed to obtaining any required propreties of phtch intonation andf tone colous ir determind. The error of bore diameter must be within (+-)0.1mm at midpart thorough about 2/3 of the whole length. Except the midaprt of bore, dimension error should be below (+-)0.3mm.4. Markedly effective method for slight modiging of structural dimension in oder to get any required pitch intonation is found, and the computer programs applicable of determine the specifications of dimension are presented in BASIC language.5. Computer programs for calcuation of resonance characterisics are also contrained in this report.