Biotic and abiotic factors that dive the function of microbial communities at biogeochemical interfaces in different soils (BAMISO)

生物地球化学界面决定了土壤中微生物群落的功能。另一方面，微生物群落影响着生物地球化学界面的性质。尽管这种相互作用很重要，但对生物地球化学界面对微生物性能的作用仍然缺乏基本的了解。我们推测，土壤中的生物地球化学界面对于微生物功能联合体的形成是重要的，微生物能够塑造自己的微环境，从而影响土壤界面的性质。此外，生物地球化学界面充当土壤的遗传记忆，因为它们可以存储死亡微生物的DNA并保护其免受退化。我们认为，对于功能性生物地球化学界面的形成，微生物的扩散(如沿真菌网络)响应生物有效碳的质量和数量和/或水的可用性发挥了主要作用，因为微生物功能协会的发展需要能量，并取决于生境的氧化还原状态。为了解决这些问题，将在不同发育的人工和自然土壤中研究十六烷的降解。为了回答碳的数量和质量的作用的问题，将在不同土壤水分含量下进行有无凋落物的实验。实验将用完整的土柱和土样进行，在这些土样中，发达的界面结构被人为破坏。对十六烷降解微生物群落的分子分析将在体外和现场进行。在优先计划的第一阶段，成功地开发了相应的工具箱，包括基因组、转录组和蛋白质组分析的方法。

Biogeochemical interfaces shape microbial community function in soil. On the other hand microbial communities influence the properties of biogeochemical interfaces. Despite the importance of this interplay, basic understanding of the role of biogeochemical interfaces for microbial performance is still missing. We postulate that biogeochemical interfaces in soil are important for the formation of functional consortia of microorganisms, which are able to shape their own microenvironment and therefore influence the properties of interfaces in soil. Furthermore biogeochemical interfaces act as genetic memory of soils, as they can store DNA from dead microbes and protect it from degradation. We propose that for the formation of functional biogeochemical interfaces microbial dispersal (e.g. along fungal networks) in response to quality and quantity of bioavailable carbon and/or water availability plays a major role, as the development of functional guilds of microbes requires energy and depends on the redox state of the habitat.To address these questions, hexadecane degradation will be studied in differently developed artificial and natural soils. To answer the question on the role of carbon quantity and quality, experiments will be performed with and without litter material at different water contents of the soil. Experiments will be performed with intact soil columns as well as soil samples where the developed interface structure has been artificially destroyed. Molecular analysis of hexadecane degrading microbial communties will be done in vitro as well as in situ. The corresponding toolbox has been successfully developed in the first phase of the priority program including methods for genome, transcriptome and proteome analysis.