Empathy and Resilience. Phenomenological Investigations into the Resilience Potentials of Interpersonal Resonance

该项目分析了同理心作为人与人之间互动和相互理解的媒介，并推断了同理心所带来的弹性潜力。共情是一个在哲学、心理学、生命科学和社会科学中广泛讨论的概念，但有不同的定义。移情在心理弹性的中介结构中的作用尚未得到充分的研究。共情如何影响经历过的危机的持久性和形成？在这种危急情况下，关心者的同情心和对问题因素的共同协商在多大程度上有助于处理这些问题？基于具身主体间性理论和移情在不同话语领域的核心意义的解释学重构，研究组中所代表的护理领域（心理治疗治疗，牧师护理，精神护理，姑息治疗）的相互共鸣方面将进行调查。共情的多维模型（包括身体、情感和认知成分）以及对自我体验层次的系统分割（从具身自我到人际自我再到叙事自我）使主体间性星座的观点得以区分。在以前的研究中，同情心和弹性之间的联系最多只能通过间接研究来证明，平均而言，弹性人格具有很高的同情心。在此基础上，TP3追求的目标是澄清在面对生活危机时，哪些医疗和牧师护理方法可以解决自我和世界经验的哪些层次，以及哪些专业习惯化的移情服务可以伴随着这一点。此外，在医学和神学之间的跨学科研究背景下，移情结构的认识论意义将被反思。然后，理论分析和概念的深化可以与其他子项目的经验知识联系起来，这些子项目涉及危机进展的具体形式和相应的移情干预可能性。

The project analyzes empathy as a medium of interaction and mutual understanding between people and extrapolates the potential for resilience enabled by empathy. Empathy is a concept widely discussed in philosophy, psychology, life sciences and social sciences, but used in varying definitions. The function of empathy for the interactional constitution of resilience has not yet been sufficiently addressed. How does empathy affect the endurance and shaping of experienced crises? To what extent does the empathy of caring persons and the joint negotiation of problem factors in such critical situations contribute to their processing? On the basis of a theory of embodied intersubjectivity and a hermeneutic reconstruction of the core meanings of empathy in different areas of discourse, the aspect of mutual resonance in the fields of care represented in the research group (psychotherapeutic treatment, pastoral care, spiritual care, palliative medicine) will be investigated. A multidimensional model of empathy (which comprises bodily, affective, and cognitive components) as well as a systematic segmentation of levels of self-experience (from the embodied to the interpersonal to the narrative self) enables a differentiated view of the intersubjective constellation. In previous research, the connection between empathy and resilience has at best been investigated indirectly by showing that, on average, resilient personalities have a high capacity for empathy. Based on this, TP3 pursues the goal of clarifying which methods of medical and pastoral care in the face of life crises address which levels of self- and world-experience and which professionally habitualized empathy services can accompany this. In addition, the epistemological significance of the empathy construct in the interdisciplinary research context between medicine and theology will be reflected upon. The theoretical analysis and conceptual sharpening can then be linked to the empirical knowledge of the other subprojects on specific forms of crisis progression and the respective possibilities for empathic intervention.