Physical daily active mobility in the city: Social-ecological determinants of walkability and public health

大多数人生活在城市，越来越多的人正在进入城市环境。然而，有大量证据表明，城市生活方式的优势也伴随着心理压力和心理障碍的高发，导致缺乏活动和社会孤立。基于这一观察，持续的城市化要求城市设计纳入健康环境的观点，包括步行街区。到目前为止，关于这一主题的研究主要是空间规划和健康科学领域，重点是步行性的概念和主动移动的个人预测因素。由于有限的跨学科交流的主题，很少有人知道的相互作用和人与环境的适合的影响因素。迄今为止，尚未提出充分的措施来捕捉和评估城市住区促进健康的特性和潜力。该提案使用社会生态学和跨学科研究框架，将空间规划和健康科学中突出的理论和方法学方法联系起来。适合主动移动的人-环境的操作化使用植根于社会科学的生活方式概念作为一种创新的新奇。这些项目从宏观分析开始：研究领域将从德国最大城市的存档空间数据分析中选择，探索生活方式和积极流动性之间的关系。一个评估工具将有助于确定促进体育活动的选定社区（“微型公众”）的特征。此外，活动引发的评估反映了当前福祉、社会互动和积极流动性之间的关系。焦点小组访谈将验证结果，并提供一个详细的了解生活方式的因素，温和的主动流动性。将上述学科的方法和理论方法联系起来，可能会为城市人口的健康观点提供新的见解和科学进步。创新在于新的可能性，以改善适合一系列城市设计和规划目标的人与环境。为此目的，项目结果允许对城市居民区的卫生潜力进行初步评估。 所有研究部分的成果将用于开发增强的步行测量概念。

Most people live in cities and more are moving into urban environments. However, there is considerable evidence that the advantages of urban lifestyles are also accompanied with a higher prevalence for psychological stress and disorders, resulting in inactivity and social isolation. Based on this observation, continued urbanisation requires that urban design incorporates perspectives of healthy environments, including walkable neighbourhoods. So far, research on this topic has largely been the domain of spatial planning and the health sciences, focusing on the concept of walkability and individual predictors of active mobility. As a consequence of limited interdisciplinary exchange on the topic, little is known about the interaction and person-environment fit of influencing factors. To date, no adequate measures have been presented that would capture and allow for an assessment of health-promoting properties and potentials of urban neighbourhoods. This proposal uses a socio-ecological and interdisciplinary research framework to connect prominent theoretical and methodological approaches in spatial planning and the health sciences. The operationalization of person-environment fit for active mobility uses the lifestyle concept rooted in social sciences as an innovative methodological novelty. The projects starts with a macro-analysis: research areas will be selected from an analysis of archived spatial data in the largest German cities, exploring the relationship between lifestyles and active mobility. An assessment tool will help to identify features of selected neighbourhoods that promote physical activity (“micro-publics”). In addition, activity-triggered assessments capture the relationship between current well-being, social interaction and active mobility. Focus group interviews will verify the results and deliver a detailed understanding of lifestyle factors that moderate active mobility. Connecting the methodological and theoretical approaches for the mentioned disciplines is likely to deliver new insights and scientific advancements for knowledge about the health perspectives of the urban population. The innovation lies in new possibilities to improve the person-environment fit for a range of urban design and planning objectives. To this end project results allow for an initial assessment of health potentials of urban neighbourhoods. The outcomes of all research parts will be used to develop enhanced walkability measurement concepts.