Towards the inversion of tectonic signals from deep-marine archives:Competing tectonic signal propagation from across the Alps into the marine sink

造山周缘盆地的沉积充填是构造、气候、沉积物输运和瞬态储存过程共同作用的产物。反过来，沉积物档案通常用于重建过去不同时间尺度上的构造活动和造山活动。然而，我们定量评估构造挖掘变化如何影响陆地侵蚀和沉积物预算，以及这些信号如何以及以何种速度通过沉积物路径系统传播到海洋档案的能力受到严重限制。此外，这些信号可能在其传播路径上被修改、减弱甚至破坏。因此，我们需要量化构造信号在地层记录中的传播时间，以及这些信号在地层上的印记。这对于正确解释沉积档案，并最终将这些档案转化为形成这些沉积序列的高地控制因素具有重要意义。北高寒前陆盆地是研究此类信号的重点区域，因为高寒源区及其前陆有大量可用数据。晚渐新世至中新世中期，阿尔卑斯地区发生了3次主要的构造掘升事件：勒庞廷丘和陶恩窗的奔宁单元的掘升和北钙质阿尔卑斯古表面的隆升。每一个构造事件都具有独特的沉积物源特征，这使我们能够估计这些构造信号如何以及以什么速率传播到晚渐新世到中新世的沉积物中，以及它们如何在沉积汇中表现出来。利用大型三维地震反射立方体（3300 km2）对上奥地利Molasse盆地的沉积序列进行了研究。最近，我们基于有孔虫、纳米化石和∂13C建立了新的生物地层学和化学地层学框架。我们对沉积物岩心和露头进行了重矿物提取取样。此外，我们还利用新的地质年代学控制和沉积物体积计算了空间平均沉积速率。我们建议通过重矿物组合分析、磷灰石热年代学（U-Pb、AFT、AHe）、磷灰石地球化学以及磷灰石和泥岩的Nd和Sm同位素组成分析沉积物档案，以获得独特的构造掘出和隆升特征。我们将确定阿尔卑斯地区的个体挖掘和隆升事件与盆地中沉积反应的到来之间的滞后时间。我们的研究结果将量化出口到上奥地利Molasse的沉积物量，并确定不同构造挖掘和隆升信号进入邻近沉积物档案的传播时间和模式。在深海地层记录中，移动时间的量化和这些构造信号的表达对于我们正确解释沉积物档案并最终能够将这些记录转化为它们的高地强迫至关重要。

The sedimentary fill of peri-orogenic basins is a product of the interplay between tectonics, climate, sediment transport, and transient storage processes. In turn, sediment archives are often used to reconstruct past tectonic activity and mountain building over various time scales. However, our ability to quantitatively assess how changes in tectonic exhumation influence terrestrial erosion and sediment budgets, and how and at what rate these signals propagate through sediment-routing systems into the marine archives is severely limited. Moreover, these signals may be modified, dampened or even destroyed along their travel paths. Hence, we need to quantify the travel times of tectonic signals into the stratigraphic record and the imprint of these signals on the resulting stratigraphy. This is important to interpret sedimentary archives correctly and to ultimately invert these archives to the upland control factors that shaped these sedimentary successions. A key area to investigate such signals is the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin due to the large amount of available data in the Alpine source area and its foreland. Three major tectonic exhumation and uplift events occur during the late Oligocene to middle Miocene in the Alps: the exhumation of Penninic units in the Lepontine Dome and the Tauern Window, and the uplift of paleosurfaces in the Northern Calcareous Alps. Each of these tectonic events is characterized with a unique sediment-provenance signature that allows us to estimate how and at what rate these tectonic signals propagate into Late Oligocene to Miocene sediments and how they are manifested in the sedimentary sink. The sedimentary successions in the Upper Austrian Molasse Basin were investigated using a large 3D seismic-reflection cube (3300 km2). We recently established a new biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic framework based on foraminifers, nanofossils and ∂13C. We sampled sediment core and outcrop for heavy mineral extraction. Moreover, we calculated spatially averaged sedimentation rates using the new geochronologic control and sediment volumes. We propose to analyze the sediment archives for the unique tectonic exhumation and uplift signatures using heavy mineral-assemblage analyses and apatite thermochronology (U-Pb, AFT, AHe), apatite geochemistry, and Nd and Sm isotopic composition of apatite and mudstone. We will determine lag times between the individual exhumation and uplift events in the Alps and the arrival of its sedimentary response in the basin. Our results will quantify sediment volumes exported to the Upper Austrian Molasse and determine travel time and mode of distinct tectonic exhumation and uplift signals into the adjacent sediment archives. The quantification of the travel times and the expression of these tectonic signals in the deep-marine stratigraphic record are crucial in our strive to correctly interpret sediment archives and to ultimately be able to invert these records into their upland forcings.