Design of Halide Perovskite Photonic Crystals for Solar Energy Conversion

在过去十年中，由于化石燃料短缺和引起的环境问题，人们对可持续清洁能源的兴趣和需求与日俱增。太阳能引起了人们的极大兴趣，因为它有潜力提供世界人口增长和经济扩张所需的大量能源。尽管经过了几十年的研究，但还没有发现一种能够满足有效太阳能转换的所有技术和经济要求的材料。因此，需要设计和制造新的材料。在这个项目中，我提出了一种非常规的方法来设计一个用于太阳能转换的集成钙钛矿型光子晶体系统。这一独特的创新概念是基于通过温和的模板方法设计具有粉末和薄膜形貌的光子晶体结构的卤化物钙钛矿。该项目的关键目标是制备新的定义良好的纳米结构钙钛矿，并对其进行详细的表征，以了解周期性结构如何提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的性能。还将尝试制备结构缺陷和晶界较少的钙钛矿型单晶光子晶体。为了提高卤化物钙钛矿的稳定性以及钙钛矿与空穴转移层之间的接触，我们将研究一种开创性的基于光催化聚合/沉积空穴转移层的器件制备策略。有机金属三卤化物钙钛矿材料中的独特性质，如周期性有序的形貌、光捕获能力和光子晶体的更长光路，将创造出一种独特的光伏器件，使其效率超过技术水平。

In the last decade, there has been a growing interest and need for sustainable clean energy owing to the shortage of fossil fuels and arising environmental issues. Solar energy has gained noteworthy interest since it has the potential to provide enormous amounts of energy required by the increasing population and economic expansion of the world. In spite of decades of research, a material that fulfills all the technical and economic requirements for effective solar energy conversion has not been discovered yet. Thus, novel materials are needed to be designed and engineered. In this project, I propose an unconventional approach for designing an integrated perovskite photonic crystal system for solar energy conversion. The unique innovative concept is based on the design of halide perovskites with photonic crystal structure in powder and thin film morphologies through a mild templating approach. The key goals of the project are the preparation of novel well-defined nanostructured perovskites and their detailed characterization to understand how periodic structuring can enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells. Single crystalline perovskite photonic crystals that have less structural defects and crystal grain boundaries will be attempted to prepare as well. In order to enhance the stability of the halide perovskites and contact between perovskite and hole transfer layers, a pioneering device fabrication strategy that is based on the photocatalytic polymerization/deposition of the hole transfer layer on perovskite will be investigated. Unique properties like periodically well-ordered morphology, light trapping ability and longer optical path of photonic crystal within organometal trihalide perovskite materials will create a distinctive photovoltaic device and allow its efficiency to go beyond the state of the art.