Economic Analysis of Japanese Dairy Herd Improvement Work and Genetic Information of Dairy Cow

利用项目组从牧场正式收集的数据和对奶农的问卷调查组成的数据，我们根据每个团队成员的特长采取了不同的方法来实现我们的目标。以下是各成员研究结果的要点：1)关于奶牛群信息的特点(以下简称DHI)及其价值，认为信息有价值的标准取决于信息提供者和信息接受者在使用信息方面的不同。这意味着DHI信息被视为俱乐部或组织的资产。2)DHI数据的利用程度取决于从现有DHI数据中获得的利益与成员为获取此类数据而产生的费用之间的平衡。这一发现使我们能够构建奶牛群信息需求和供给函数的框架。3)不可避免地发生…信息处理过程中的不确定性更多地归因于成员农户的决策和对信息时滞的必要调整。4)信息对生产的直接经济效应往往受以DHI信息为基础的奶牛更替和机会效益法调整的影响。这两种方法之间的巨大差异促使我们指出了与DHI信息利用相关的需要改进的方面。5)我们还建立了一个计量经济学模型，该模型关注了奶农对信息利用的技术水平和知识，以解释最佳挤奶持续时间。6)我们还澄清了一般奶农和专业养殖农户在奶牛生产行为和改良速度方面的差异。有人指出，产生信息的过程和获得数据的地点的重要性。较少

Using the data compiled by our project team which consisted of officially collected data from the farm and questionnaire surveys of dairy farmers, we carried out various approaches to achieve our goals according to the specialty of each team member. The following are the essence of the study results of each member :1) Concerning the characteristics of dairy herd information (hereafter referred to as DHI) and their value, the standard whereby information can be deemed valuable depends on the differences in the use of information between the information-supplier and information-taker. This means that DHI information is treated like a club or organizational asset.2) The level of utilization of DHI data depends on the balance between the benefits obtained from the available DHI data and expenses to be incurred by the members in order to procure such data. This finding enabled us to construct a framework of the demand and supply functions of dairy herd information.3) The inevitable occurren … More ce of uncertainty in the process of information treatment can be traced to the decision-making of member farmers and the necessary readjustment for time lag of information.4) The direct economic effect of information on production tends to be influenced by the replacement of dairy cows based on DHI information and adjustment by the method of opportunity benefit. The big discrepancy between these two methods prompted us to point out those aspects related to the use of DHI information that need to be improved.5) We also developed an econometric model which focuses on the technical level and knowledge of information utilization by dairy farmers in order to explain the optimal duration of milking cows.6) We also clarified the differences between the production behavior and speed of improvement of dairy cows between generalized dairy farmers and specialized breeding farmers. The importance of the process whereby information is generated and the places where data are obtained was pointed out. Less