A Study on Thermal and Hygric Design of Buildings Based on Prediction of Dynamic Behavior of Moisture Content

本文对建筑物墙体和房间内水分动态特性的分析方法进行了探讨，目的是建立建筑物的热湿设计方法。(1)以水化学势为湿传递势，建立了描述建筑墙体内热湿同时传递的控制方程。利用这些方程，讨论了导湿系数的数值分析方法和测量方法。(2)为便于实际分析建筑物墙体内的水分变化，将准线性化技术应用于控制方程，导出了线性化的近似方程，并通过数值计算和与精确解的比较，说明了线性化方程的适用范围。(3)提出了吸湿区域控制方程的应用范围。(4)应用量纲分析的控制方程推导出的相似律，使用一个小比例模型的实验程序，了解和评估的水分行为的墙壁。与真实的规模实验相比，该方法大大缩短了实验时间。实验结果显示。(5)测定了不同含水率下木材的导湿率。(6)随机模型的建立和识别的条件，如太阳辐射和室外空气温度进行。结果表明，前者可用阿尔马模型建模，后者可用ARMAX模型建模。(7)提出了室内空气温湿度和热负荷的动态分析方法。确定性和随机方法。后者，一个是经典的分析，不使用随机模型的气候条件，引入时变脉冲响应。另一种是基于状态空间方程。(8)研究了地表覆盖、水分条件和人工产热对室外气温的影响。

In this research, methods of dynamic analysis of moisture behavior in building walls and rooms are treated, for the purpose of establishing methods of thermal and hygric design of building.Following results are obtained. (1) The governing equations describing the simultaneous heat and moisture transfer in building wall are presented, using water chemical potential for moisture transfer potential. Using those equations, numerical methods of analysis and measurement method for moisture conductivity are discussed. (2) For practical analysis of moisture variations in building walls, linearized approximate equations are derived by applying the quasi-linearization technique to the governing equations and applicable range of those linearized equations is shown by numerical calculations and by comparing with exact solutions. (3) Limit of application is presented of governing equations for the hygroscopic domain. (4) Applying the similarity laws derived by dimensional analysis of the governing equation, experimental procedure using a small scale model is presented for knowing and evaluating moisture behavior in the wall. The procedure reduces significantly a term of the experiment, compared with the real scale experiment. Experimental results are shown. (5) Moisture conductivity of wood is measured under various moisture content. (6) Stochastic model building and identification of conditions such as solar radiation and outdoor air temperature are performed. It is concluded that the former is model by ARMA and the latter is by ARMAX. (7) Method of dynamic analysis of room air temperature and humidity, and heat load are presented. Deterministic and stochastic methods are presented. Of the latter, one is classical analysis using no stochastic model of climatic conditions, introducing time-variant impulse response. The other is based on state space equations. (8) Effects of land cover, its moisture conditions and artificial heat production on outdoor air temperature are studied.