Particulate Organic Compounds and Their Behavior in Urban and Remote Atmosphere

在东京市区和北太平洋西部的春una山、群马县和Titijima岛等偏远地区的大气中收集到了颗粒物（气溶胶）。在川崎和阜中也收集了大气沉降物样本。从样品中分离出多种有机化合物，并采用气相色谱（GC）和气相质谱（GC -mass spectrometry）测定。它们包括正构烷烃、多核芳香烃、多核芳酮、邻苯二甲酸酯、脂肪酸、二羧酸、氧酸和醛。结果表明，有机气溶胶中的主要成分为低分子二羧酸，如草酸、丙二酸和琥珀酸。这些极性有机化合物在气溶胶颗粒中的相对丰度在一天中午前后和一年中的夏季增加，表明它们是大气中主要由人为来源的有机分子的光化学诱导反应次生产生的。在样品中鉴定出omega-氧羧酸（C2-C10）。在这项研究中发现了一些氧化酸（C3和C4）。它们被认为是碳氢化合物生成二羧酸的光氧化反应的中间体。

Particulate matter (aerosol) has been collected in the urban atmosphere of Tokyo, and in the remote atmosphere including Mt. Haruna, Gunma Prefecture, and Titijima Island in western North Pacific. Atmospheric fallout samples were also collected in Kawasaki and Fuchu. Various organic compounds were isolated from the samples and were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. They include n-alkanes, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, polynuclear aromatic ketones, phthalates, fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids, oxoacids and aldehydes. The results showed that major species in the organic aerosols were low molecular dicarboxylic acids such as oxalic, malonic, and succinic acids. The relative abundance of these polar organic compounds in the aerosol particles increased at around noon time of the day and in the summer of the year, suggesting that they are secondarily produced in the atmosphere by photochemically induced reactions of organic molecular mainly derived from anthropogenic sources. omega-Oxocarboxylic acids (C2-C10) were identified in the samples. Some of the oxoacids (C3 and C4) have been discovered in this study. They are considered as intermediates of photooxidation reactions of hydrocarbons to dicarboxylic acids.