Structures and physical properties of soil in shear layr

虽然土的剪切现象经常被观察到，但对其物理性质的研究却很少。为了找出土体在剪切过程中形成的结构，并找出结构的物理性质，通过箱式剪切试验，测试了剪切过程中几个阶段含有剪切层的土样。结果表明，剪切破坏和蠕变阶段的剪切层是由许多细小的剪切面组成的，这些剪切面像树枝一样以链状连接在一起。2.测量了剪切层的渗透性，它们比未受剪应力破坏的土体的渗透率大。3.土壤含水率对剪切层物理性质的影响土壤含水率随含水率的不同而不同，加水后抗剪强度迅速下降。4.用H_2O气体和N_2气体吸附法测定了剪切层的空隙体积和比表面积。找出了这些方法在剪切层中的应用条件。

Though shear phenomena of soil are often observed, studies of physical properties of the phenomena are very few. The purposes of this study are to find the soil structures which is formed in the process of shear, and to find physical properties of the structure.Soil samples containning shear layrs at several stages in shear process by box shear tests were tested1.structures of shear layrsX-ray stereoradiographs and scanning electron micrographs were taken. It is found that the shear layrs at the stages of shear failure and creep are formed with very many small shear planes which link together in chains like tree branches.2.Permeability of the shear layrs are measured, and they are larger than that of soil which have not been failed by shear stress.3.influences of soil water content for physical properties of the shear layrsThe structures vary according to water contents, and the shear strength rapidly decrease when water is added.4.void volume and specific surface area of the layrs were measured by H_2O gas and N_2 gas adsorption method. The application conditions of these methods to shear layrs are found.