Production of Medicines by Application of Plant Tissue Culture as a Catalyst

1.从桉树悬浮培养细胞中分离到29种生物转化产物，分别加入(+)-薄荷醇(2)、(-)-冰片(8)、1，8-桉叶素(5)、(+)-和(-)-樟脑(14)。双环单萜化合物羟化的区域和立体选择性如下：主羟化位置与底物中已有的氧官能团位置相反。这一事实可能反映了羟化酶结合部位的结构。氧化石竹烯(倍半萜)被生物转化为氧化、还原、异构化和糖基化产物(7)。甜菊醇(二萜)被生物转化为三种糖苷，所有产品都有甜味，但它们不如甜菊糖苷那么甜。丁香酚和异丁香酚的主要生物转化产物为龙胆二苷。从长春花悬浮培养细胞中分离培养的长春花细胞和洛氏长春花碱，并分离出丹参素的环氧化和甲氧基化产物。人参毛状根培养生物转化(RS)-2-苯基丙酸(PPA)形成四种糖苷底物并分泌约一半产物。在生物反应器系统中进行持续糖基化反应约2个月。用毛地黄毒素处理后，从3种柱花草的悬浮培养物中分离出17种转化产物。成功地获得了大花茎段愈伤组织的再生植株，并分离到7个已知化合物和2个新化合物。

1. Cultured cells of Eucalyptus perriniana Twenty-nine biotransformation products were isolated from a cell suspension culture of Eucalyptus perriniana following administration of monoterpenes, such as (+)-menthol (2), (-)-borneol (8), 1,8-cineole (5), and (+)- and (-)-camphor (14). The regio- and stereoselectivity of hydroxylation of bicyclic monoterpenes are as follows : The positions of main hydroxylation were on the opposite site to the oxygen functions already in the substrate. This fact may be a reflection on the structure of the binding site on the hydroxylation eczymes. Caryophyllene oxide (sesquiterpene) was biotransformed to oxidation, reduction, isomerization and glucosylation products (7). Steviol (diterpene) was biotransformed to three glucosides and all products had a sweet taste, but they are not so sweet as stevioside. The main biotransformation products of eugenol and isoeugenol were their gentiobiosides.2. Cultured cells of Catharanthus roseus Lochnericine and lochnerinine, epoxidation and methoxylation products of tabersonine were isolated from a cell suspension culture of Catharanthus roseus following administration of tabersonine.3. Hairy roots of Panax ginseng Biotransformation of (RS)-2-phenylpropionic acid (PPA) by hairy root culture of Panax ginseng formed four glycosides of substrate and excreted about a half of products. The continuous glycosylation was carried out using a bioreactor system for about 2 months.4. Cultured cells of Strophanthus Seventeen biotransformation products were isolated from cell suspension cultures of three species of Strophanthus following administration of digitoxigenin. The regenerated plants from Strophanthus divaricatus calli were successfully obtained, and seven known and two new cardenolides were isolated.