DEVELOPMENT OF MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL INCLUDING RADIATION PROCESSES

九州大学的大气环流模型采用了气候系统中心和Fomichev开发的辐射方案。前一种方案能够处理短波和长波辐射。使用对流层-平流层低层环流模式进行了一些试验运行，证实了GCM能够模拟真实的环流和温度分布。福米切夫方案是一种处理中期大气中LTE和非LTE辐射的长波辐射方案。在本工程中，我们介绍了这种处理中低层大气长波辐射的方案。结果表明，引入真实的辐射过程后，中流层顶附近的纬向风增强。这意味着我们需要更强的E-P通量散度（辐合）来关闭中层顶周围的纬向风。将一个臭氧化学输送过程引入到大气环流中，并进行了三维臭氧模拟，研究了大气环流中臭氧的变化及其引起的环流变化。通过在南极地区制造一个人工臭氧洞，研究了该地区温度分布和大气环流的变化。结果表明，在臭氧空洞周围温度降低，在臭氧还原高度以上温度升高。这一结果与观测结果一致。温度变化是由极夜急流、行星波活动和臭氧减少引起的剩余环流的变化引起的。

A radiation scheme developed at Center for Climate System and a rediation scheme developed by Fomichev were incorporated in a middle atmosphere general circulation model at Kyushu University.The former scheme is able to treat the short wave and long wave radiations. Some test runs have been done using a tropospheric-lower stratospheric general circulation model, and it has been confirmed that the GCM can simulate a realistic circulation and temperature distribution.Fomichev's scheme is a long wave radiation scheme treating the LTE and non-LTE radiation in the middle atmosphere. In this project, we have introduced this scheme to treat the long wave radiation in the middle atmosphere and lower thermosphere. The results show that zonal wind around the mesopause becomes strong by introducing the realistic radiation process. This means that we need stronger E-P flux divergence (convergence) to close the zonal wind around the mesopause.An ozone chemical transport process was incorporated to the middle atmosphere GCM,and three dimensional ozone simulation has been conducted to investigate ozone variation in the middle atmosphere and resulting general circulation change. By making an artificial ozone hole in the Antarctic region, variations of temperature distribution and general circulation had been investigated. It is found that temperature decreases around the ozone hole, and it increases above the ozone reduction height. This result is consistent with observations. The temperature change is induced by the changes of the polar night jet, planetary wave activity, and the residual circulation induced by the ozone reduction.