Development and Characteristic Analysis of New Concept Tillage Machineries

(1)电动圆盘耕整机的研究通过研究土壤仓中不同作业条件下单个圆盘刀片所受的三种作用力和功率需求，对电动圆盘耕整机的耕作特性进行了定量评价。分别用L分力梁和扭矩计测量了作用在单盘叶片和扭矩转盘上的牵引力。电动圆盘式耕整机应通过减少拖拉机轮胎打滑来提供更有效的能源利用。圆盘转动的一部分动力回流到圆盘装置上，从而产生推力效应。(2)犁体在同一位置翻转犁片的研究传统的犁体犁翻转具有横向位移的犁片。因此，二次耕作必须在耕作到平坦的田面后进行。本文介绍了一种新型倒置式犁体，它是将犁片倒置在同一位置，由分体模板和垂直固定在模板上的侧压板对称构造而成。沟片由模板转动，同时由侧压板改变流动方向。实验室试验表明，犁片在同一位置被成功倒置，在实验室测量了不同土壤水分和耕作速度条件下小尺寸新型犁上的三种作用力，利用加速度计测量了犁片在移动坐标x、y、z方向上的加速度分量，利用刚体模型分析建立了转换公式，并利用刚体模型对犁进行了受力分析。

(1) Study on a Powered Disk TillerQuantitative evalution of tillage characteristics of a powered disk tiller was made by investigating three component forces acting on a single disk blade and power requirements under various operating conditions in a soil bin.Tested disks were about 1/3 scale of a commercial disk, and were considered as being part of the shell of a hollow sphere. The draft forces acting on a single disk blade and the torque rotating disk were measured by a L shaped beam for component forces and a torque-meter respectively. A powered disk tiller should provide more efficient utilization of energy through reduction of tractor tire slippage. A part of the disk rotating power returns back to the disk device, so that the thrusting effect occurs.(2) Study on a Plow to Invert Furrow Slice at the Same PositionConventional moldboard plow inverts a furrow slice with transverse displacement. Therefore, secondary tillage must be performed after plowing to even the field surface. This paper describes a new inverting moldboard plow which inverts furrow slices at the same position.The new plow was symmetrically constructed with shares moldboards, and side pressure boards which were perpendicularly fixed to the moldboards. The furrow slices are turned by the moldboard while changing the direction of flow by the side pressure board. Some experiments in laboratry showed that the furrow slice was successfully inverted at the same position.Three component forces acting on the small scaled new plow were measured in the laboratory under various conditions of soil moisture and plowing speed.Acceleration components of the furrow slice were measured in x, y and z directions of moving coordinates by a accelerometer and the acceleration was calculated with the transformation formula which will be set up based on analyzes using a rigid scale model.The forces acting on the plow were analyzed with a rigid model in which a furrow slice was assumed to be a rigid body.