A study of effects of mouth-guard under physical movement

本研究的目的是为了澄清目前普遍使用的现成护口器存在的问题，以及接触性运动运动员在设计护口器时需要考虑的因素。研究对象为67名美国大学足球运动员、21名橄榄球运动员和4名高中生拳击运动员。对护口器的使用情况进行问卷调查，观察戴护口器与不戴护口器对咬合压力的影响。此外，我们还对佩戴和不佩戴嘴巴时的声音进行了频谱分析，对调查问卷的典型回答是“不相容”、“说话困难”、“感觉想呕吐”、“呼吸困难”。戴护口器后牙合压力积分和咬合面积减小，与不戴护口器比较，差异有统计学意义。[a]、[S]、[t]系列中的[i]、[e]、[o]音的共振峰是[a]、[S]、[t]系列中的[i]、[e]、[o]音的共振峰，戴上护口器后，无论是抱怨说话有困难的人还是不说话的人，在使用护口器后，接触区的咬合压力都最大限度地增加。此外，[S]和[t]级数的一个辅音消失了。这些趋势在发音不清的被试身上表现得尤为明显。这些发现表明，现成的护口器更多地成为口罩推广的障碍，而不是传播。由于唇腭侧的设计需要改进，使得护口器被公认为是对护口器的推广。

The aims of this research is to clarify the problems of a ready made mouth guards that has been generally used and the needful factors in design for custum-mouth guards on the playrs of contact sports. The subjects are 67 American foot-ball playrs in university, 21 rugby playrs and 4 boxing playrs in senir high school students. We set out the questionnaire in regard to the use of mouth guard, and examined the difference of occlusal pressure between under puting mouth guard and not put. Moreover, we performed the spectrum-analysis of the voice under putting mouth gurard or not put.The typical replies submitted to the questionnaire were "incompatibility", "speak with difficulty", "feel like vomiting", and "Breathe with difficulty". The occlusal pressure integral and the contact area at the maximam clenching decreased with statistical significant under use of the mouth guard in compared with not use of it. However, the occlusal pressure per the contact area increased at maximam cleching under use of mouth-guard, a part of the formant of the [i], [e] and [o] sound which is a front and back vowel in [a], [s] and [t] series became unclear in both the subject whom complained to speak with difficulty and without after putting mouth guard, . Moreover, a consonant of [s] and [t] series disappeared. These trends were remarkable on the subjects with inarticulate pronounciation.These findings suggested that the ready-made mouth guard become rather barrier to generalize than spread of the mouth guard. The need of improving on design in palatal and labial side of a custoum made mouth guard recognized to generalize the custum made mouth guard.