Production of Useful Compounds by Selective Control of Biocatalyst

1. 18 β-大黄酸的生物转化从人参毛状根培养物中分离到三个新的生物转化产物和三个已知化合物。人参毛状根具有糖基化和丙二酰化转化18 β-大黄酸的能力。两种生物转化产物具有与甜菊素相同的甜度。脂蟾毒配基的生物转化研究在人参毛状根培养物中加入中药材（日本名“Sen-so”）的强心活性成分脂蟾毒配基，分离得到四种新的生物转化产物。在脂蟾毒配基的生物转化过程中，观察到C-3位被葡萄糖和槐糖基化，C-1 β和C-5 β位被羟基化。此外，在施用脂蟾毒配基后，从佩林桉的细胞悬浮培养物中分离出脂蟾毒配基的5 β-羟基化化合物海蟾毒配基。辽东木培养细胞中花色苷的产生本研究从辽东木培养细胞中筛选出花色苷高产菌株。黑暗培养3周，花色苷产量最高可达干重的13.0%.从黄芪毛状根培养物中分离得到4个新皂苷和8个已知皂苷。C-2菌株与传统药材黄芪的苷类成分在薄层色谱和高效液相色谱中的峰型一致。

1. Biotransformation of 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acidThree new biotransformation products and three known compounds were isolated from the hairy root cultures of Panax ginseng following administration of 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid. Ginseng hairy roots showed the biotransformation abilities of glycosylation and malonylation to 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid. Two bioconversion products possess the same sweetness as glycyrrhizin.2. Biotransformation of resibufogeninOn administration of resibufogenin which is a cardio-active component of Chinese crude drug, Japanese name "Sen-so" to the hairy root cultures of Panax ginseng, four new biotransformation products were isolated. In the bioconversion of resibufogenin, glycosylation by glucose and sophorose at C-3 position and hydroxylation at C-1beta and C-5beta positions were observed. Further, marinobufagin which is 5beta-hydroxylated compound of resibufogenin was isolated from the cell suspension cultures of Eucalyptus perriniana following administration of resibufogenin.3. Anthocyanin production in cultured cells of Aralia cordata Thunb.We had selected anthocyanin high-producing strains of the cultured cells of Aralia cordata. The anthocyanin yield was 13.0% maximum dry weight on being cultured for three weeks in darkness.4. Saponin production in hairy root cultures of Astragalus membranaceusFour new and eight known astragalosides were isolated from the hairy root cultures of Astragalus membranaceus. The glycosidic fraction of A.m C-2 strain and traditional crude drug "Astragali Radix" showed the same pattern in TLC and HPLC.