Studies on Fractionation of Chemical Constituents in Snowpack at the Time of Snowmelt and Formation of Ice Body in Snow Patch.

许多积雪的底部都有冰。它们不仅是由渗透的融雪水在早春重新冻结形成的，而且也是由储存在冰体上的融水在深秋重新冻结形成的。积雪的化学成分及其含量受融雪水的影响很大，根据积雪的形成可分为两种类型。一种是雪堆型，另一种是雪崩堆积型。雪崩堆积型由于厚度大，底部很少有冰体，这阻止了寒潮的渗透，从而阻止了储存在雪斑内的融水的再冻结。

Many snow patches have ice bdoy at the bottom. They are formed not only by the refreezing of percorated snowmelt water in the early spring, but also by the refreezing of meltwater stored over the ice body in late autumn. The chemical constituents in the firn and their amout are substantially affected by the snowmelt water.There are two types of snow patches distinguished by its formation. One is a snow drift type and another is a avalanch accumulated type. The avalanch accumulated type rarely has ice body at teh bottom due to the large thichness, which prevents cold wave penetration and therefore refreezing of meltwater stored inside the snow patch.