Thermodynamic Properties of Upper Mantle Minerals : Establishment for the Geothermonetry and Geobarometry

1. Least squares技术已应用于使用olivie-orthopyroxene-garnet geothermometry和geobarometry的估计。上cratonic Palaeogether的梯度相对于5-6 ° C/公里的Beneath Lesotho、Premier、Frank Smith和Siberia地区。离cratonic palaeogeotherms在纳米比亚、蒙大拿州和纳瓦霍州的10-14 ° C/公里处进行了极高的梯度。海洋区域的地质学与克拉克和林伍德的那些（1964年）非常相似。2.在温度下900-1500 ° C时，高压实验在900-1500 ° C温度下携带了50千巴压力，用于在系统中的碘-硫氧-MgO-中，在系统中的硫代酶、氯代Xene和石榴石中<Al_2O_3>，将被揭示氯<SiO_2>代Xene固体溶液中的热动力学特性。fayalite （<Fe_2><SiO_4>）、enstatite （Mg<SiO_3>）、diopside （CaMg<Si_2><O_6>）和pyrope （<Mg_3><Al_2><Si_3>&lt;O_（12）&gt; ）的混合物正在监视矿物反应的方向。&lt;Fe^（2+）&gt;和&lt;Mg^（2+）&gt;之间的氯化萘和石榴石的交换反应是适宜的地质monetry. 3.为Yakushiyama、Goshikidai地区的高强度和融化实验被携带在干燥和<H_2O>过度饱和条件下。上地幔中的这种带有橄榄-正氧烷承载的超结构岩石（哈兹堡）的安卓岩浆协同体，其物理条件为10-20千巴和1060-1230 ° C

1.Least squares technique is applied to the estimation of the equilibration pressures and temperatures of ultramafic rocks by the use of olivie-orthopyroxene-garnet geothermometry and geobarometry. On-cratonic palaeogeotherms have rather moderate gradients of about 5-6゜C/km beneath Lesotho, Premier, Frank Smith and Siberia areas. Off-cratonic palaeogeotherms show extremely steep gradients of 10-14゜C/km for Namibia, Montana and Navojo. The geotherms deduced for the oceanic regions are very similar to those of Clark and Ringwood (1964).2.High pressure experiments are carried out at 50 kbar pressure under temperatures 900-1500゜C for the phase reations among olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and garnet in the syste CaO-FeO-MgO- <Al_2O_3> - <SiO_2> in order to reveal the thermodynamic properties of clinopyroxene solid solution. The crystalline mixtures of fayalite ( <Fe_2> <SiO_4> ), enstatite (Mg <SiO_3> ), diopside (CaMg <Si_2> <O_6> ) and pyrope ( <Mg_3> <Al_2> <Si_3> <O_(12)> ) are employed to monitor the direction for the mineral reactions. Exchange reaction of <Fe^(2+)> and <Mg^(2+)> between clinopyroxene and garnet is suitable for the geothromonetry.3.The Melting experiments for the high-magnesian andesite of Yakushiyama, Goshikidai area are carried out under the dry and <H_2O> -oversaturated conditions. This andesite magma coexists with the olivine-orthopyroxene bearing ultramafic rock (harzburgite) in the upper mantle, of which physical conditions are 10-20 kbar and 1060-1230゜C