Synthetic Studies on Dada, Surrealism and Other Avan-garde Movements in the 20 th Century World Art

我们的“达达与超现实主义”和20世纪世纪先锋艺术群的研究与这些运动密切相关，自然涵盖了各个历史和地理领域。从一开始，我们的目标就不仅在于研究法国和欧洲的先锋派运动，而且还在于追踪它们在日本的接受和发展。1986年秋至1987年春，在巴黎蓬皮杜国家文化中心举办的“前卫的日本”展览为我们的研究提供了指导原则。在这次展览中，我们小组的三名成员参加了规划阶段：Be，Watanabe和Hasumi。首先，通过这一阐述，我们发现了日本和法国（或欧洲）在接受“先锋派”方面的差距。日本的先锋派并不总是同一时期的法国先锋派;在日本被认为是革命性的事件，在欧洲在许多情况下是平庸的和完全过时的。第二，有与达达或超现实主义无关的“世纪先锋派”。因此，在目前的研究中，如果仅局限于“达达与超现实主义”的视角，那么我们对“先锋艺术”的理解必然是片面的。基于这些思考，我们组织了一系列的研讨会，题目是“今天的”先锋“是什么？1987年5月和6月在东京大学文理学院学习。四次研讨会的主题分别是：“后现代地平线”、“技术与先锋派”、“一部名为“剧院”的小说”和“当代音乐的地平线”。至于每位成员在其专业领域的成果，请参阅印刷的最终报告。我们认为，我们的研究取得了显著成果，特别是通过国际合作和跨学科方法。

Our group study on "Dada and Surrealism" and the avant-garde arts of the 20 th century, closely associated with these movements, has naturally covered various historical and geographical fields. From the beginning, our objective has consisted not only in investigating the avant-garde movements in France and in Europe, but also in tracing their reception and development in Japan. It is the exposition "Japan of the Avant-gardes" given in the National Cultural Center of Georges Pompidou in Paris, from autumn 1986 to spring 1987, that gave us one of the guiding principles of our research. In this exposition did three members of our group take part from the stage of planning : Be, Watanabe and Hasumi. What came to light through this exposition was, in the first place, a gap, between Japan and France (or Europe), in the acceptation of "avant-garde". A Japanese avant-garde is not always a French avant-garde in the same period ; what is considered as a revolutionary event in Japan is, in many cases, banal and completely out of date in Europe. Secondly, there are "avant-gardes of the 20 th century" having nothing to do with Dada or surrealism. So, if we limited, in the present research, our point of view to the only "Dada and surrealism", our conception of "avant-garde art" should inevitably be partial.Standing on these reflections, we organized a series of symposiums by the title of "What is the 'avant-garde', today ?" in the College of Arts and Sciences of University of Tokyo in May and June 1987. The themes of four seances were : "The Post-modern Horizon", "Technology and the Avant-garde", "A Fiction Named 'Theater'"and"The Horizon of Contemporary Music".As to the results that each member has realized in his major field, see the printed final report. We consider that our research has achieved remarkable results, particularly by international collaborations and interdisciplinary approaches.