Cassiterite solubility, tin partitioning, and the origin of porphyry tin deposits

斑岩型锡矿床和云英岩型锡矿床是锡最重要的原生来源。它们通常与S型花岗岩有关，S型花岗岩也显示出稀有金属的显着富集，如镓和铟。虽然已经有一些研究锡在岩浆热液系统中的行为，S型花岗岩的高度还原条件的实验数据缺失。我们建议填补这一空白，通过获取水热流体中的锡（SnO2）的溶解度数据，以及在原位拉曼数据的锡形态。我们将使用这些数据来开发模型，可用于识别侵入体的矿化潜力的花岗岩系统中的锡的富集。此外，我们还将对镓和铟的岩浆热液地球化学进行一些初步探索性实验，以更好地了解导致这些元素富集的因素。由于半导体工业对镓和铟的需求不断增加，未来可能必须开发这些稀有金属的新来源。

Porphyry tin and tin greisen deposits are the most important primary source of tin. They are typically linked to S-type granites that also show significant enrichments of rare metals, such as gallium and indium. While there have been a number of studies on the behavior of tin in magmatic-hydrothermal systems, experimental data for the highly reducing conditions of S-type granites are missing. We propose to fill this gap by acquiring cassiterite (SnO2) solubility data in hydrothermal fluids as well as in-situ Raman data on Sn speciation. We will use these data to develop models for the enrichment of tin in granitic systems that can be used to identify the mineralization potential of intrusions. In addition, we will carry out some first exploratory experiments on the magmatic-hydrothermal geochemistry of gallium and indium in order to better understand the factors leading to the enrichment of these elements. Since there is an increasing demand for gallium and indium in semiconductor industry, new sources for these rare metals may have to be developed in the future.