DEVELOPMENT OF SOME PLANT MATERIALS AND TEACHING METHODS FOR TEACHING REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGIES OF PLANTS AT THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVELS.

本研究的目的是选择一些适合中小学生教授各种植物繁殖策略的生物质材料，并通过在一些学校的试验，开发出一些合适的教学方法。我们的研究结果如下：(1)对目前和以前的中小学科学教科书中有关繁殖与繁殖的实验习题的术语和内容以及教学中涉及植物的活体材料进行了调查。然后，对这些活体材料进行检验，看它们是否适合教授这些主题。(2)选择一些似乎对观察有性生殖或无性繁殖以及在初级和次级水平上研究植物繁殖有用的植物，并进一步研究这些现象，以找到观察这些现象的最佳实验条件。(3)制作了利用这些植物进行植物繁殖和繁殖的实验室练习。将一些典型的有性繁殖和无性繁殖现象以及植物的各种繁殖策略录制成视听材料，帮助学生了解植物的繁殖和繁殖。(5)在一些小学和初中的理科课堂上进行了实验室练习和视听材料的测试，考察了学生、学生和教师对这些练习、教材和教学方法的反应。

The purpose of the present research is to select some suitable living materials for teaching a variety of reproductive strategies of plants to primary and secondary school students and to develop some appropriate methods for teaching them by means of trials in some schools. Our results are as follows.(1) Both the terms and the contents of laboratory exercises relating to reproduction and propagation and the living materials used in teaching these topics, with reference to plants, were surveyed in the present and previous science textbooks for the primary and secondary levels. After that, these living materials were examined to see how suitable they are for teaching these topics.(2) Some plants which seem to be useful for the observation of sexual or asexual reproduction and for studying the propagation of plants in the primary and secondary levels were chosen and examined further to find the best experimental conditions for observing these phenomena.(3) A text for laboratory exercises on the reproduction and propagation of plants using these selected plants was made. A teacher's manual for these laboratory exercises was also prepared.(4) Some typical phenomena of sexual and asexual reproduction and a variety of reproductive strategies of plants were recorded as audio-visual materials which can help students understand reproduction and propagation of plants.(5) Laboratory exercises and audio-visual materials were tested at the science classes in some elementary and junior high school and the responses of pupils, students and teachers to these exercises, teaching materials and teaching methods were examined.