RESEARCH ON "MIKOSHI-UTA" IN ASO DISTRICT IN KUMAMOTO PREFECTURE

在1992/93年，我对移动神道神社的搬运工歌曲进行了调查。开放研究的神道神社共有16座。我有足够的音乐材料的歌曲，并把它们录在录像带和微型磁盘录音机（MD）。调查结果显示，12个神社与麻生神社有相同的传统歌曲，4个神社有自己的歌曲。在收集和记录歌曲后，我将它们的文本按顺序排列，相互比较并检查。我把它们的音乐部分誊写成西方记谱法。然而，我只能做音乐上的分析，加上一些简短的民俗学观点。结果如下：1)文本保留了中世纪世俗歌曲的诗歌形式和内容。2)歌曲的旋律与日本老调（GAGAKU）相似，以元音和声为特征。3)音系依赖于自然谐波的完美四、三、六次的重复。4)歌曲从麻生神社流传到其他地方的神社，但也有一些神社没有遵循这一传统。我担心，由于年轻人的减少和口头传统大师的老龄化，音乐技能传承的情况会一年比一年糟糕。

In 1992/93 I have made a investigation into porter's songs of portable shinto shrine. The shinto shrine, which were open to research, are 16. I have got enough musical materials of the songs and recorded them on video-tape and minidisk-recorder(MD). As a result of survey, 12 shrines have the same traditional songs to the Aso Shrine, 4 shrines have own songs.After collecting and noting the songs, I put the texts of them in order, compared each other and inspected. I transcribed the musical parts of them into Western Notation. I, however, could only make the musical analysis and added some brief folkloristic views.Followings are the results :1) The texts preserve the poetic form and matter of medieval secular song.2) The songs have melodies, which are common with Japanese old tune(GAGAKU) and characterized by vowel harmony.3) The tone-systems depend on the repetitions of perfect 4th, and 3rd and 6th of natural harmonics.4) The songs are spread over from the Aso shrine to the shrines of another place, but there are some shrines which have not based on this tradition.5) I'm afraid that, on account of the reduction of young peoples and the old aging of the masters of oral-tradition, the situation to the succession for musical skills are getting worse year after year.