Genetic diversity of evergreen oak forest components and analysis of regeneration process based on kin analysis

对常绿栎林典型先锋种花椒（Zanthoxylum ailanthoides）的遗传变异和育种体系进行了研究。对Kasugayama森林保护区常绿栎林13 ha永久样地90个个体的叶片样品进行了同工酶分析。16个基因Ioci获得了清晰的条带模式，其中4个位点存在多态性。3个多态位点的基因型频率与观测值无显著差异。事实表明，近亲交配在种群中是罕见的。种群呈传染性分布，在小区内识别出7个分布斑块。计算7个群体间的遗传距离，并采用聚类分析（UPGMA方法）。相邻种群遗传接近，种群可分为3个亚种群，遗传均为均匀。人口由两代不连续的人组成，老年人（约80岁）和年轻人（30岁）。同一亚群中年轻代与老代之间的遗传距离小于其他组合。由此得出结论，即使种群分布在小范围内，基因流动在空间上也是有限的。由于每个种群都以山脊为界，传粉者（蜜蜂和花蝇）和种子传播者（鸟类）的行为也受到地形的影响。

The genetic variation and breeding system were studied for a typical pioneer species, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, of a evergreen oak forests. Isozyme analysis was conducted for leaf samples collected from 90 individuals growing in 13 ha permanent plot located at a evergreen oak forest in Kasugayama Forest Reserve. Clear band pattern was obtained for 16 gene Ioci, and four loci were polymorphic. There are no significant differences between observed and estimated genotype frequencies for three of polymorphic loci. The fact indicated that the inbreeding is rare in the population.The individuals were distributed contagiously and 7 distribution patches were recognized in the plot. Genetic distances among 7 groups were calculated and the cluster analysis (the UPGMA method) was applied. Adjacent groups were genetically close, and the populaton was divided into threee sub-populations being homogeneous genetically.The population was comprised of two discontinuous generations, older (about 80 yeares old) and younger (30 years old). Genetic distance between the younger generation and elder generation in same sub-populations were smaller than the other combinations.From these facts, we concluded that gene flow was spatially limited in the population even they were distributed in small area. As each population was bordered by ridges, the behavior of pollinators (bees and flower flies) and seed disperser (birds) is also affected by topography.