Traffic Simulation for Evaluation of Traffic Management and Operation

在引入交通管理和运营方案时，必须准确估计对交通流的影响和影响。为此，本研究提出了两种城市道路网交通仿真方法。一种是结合路口延误估计的均衡交通分配模型。对于每个转弯流量，交叉口延误被解析地归结为流量和交通信号控制参数的函数。交通分配采用迭代算法，根据最新路段流量选择流量-时延曲线。与通常的仿真模型相比，该方法实现了交叉口流动的精确建模，大大提高了估算过程的效率。通过对神户市的应用表明，该模型对交通管理和运营方案的评价具有一定的实用价值。另一种是精确的网络模拟方法，它动态地表示道路网络上的交通流，模拟单个车辆的运动。该模型的特点是将道路的构成表示为一个详细的网络，并考虑车辆之间的相互作用和与信号指示的协调。该模型内生地产生信号设置和路径选择，并具有计算机图形学的能力来表示网络上的交通流状态。通过实际仿真表明，该模型能够较好地再现交互时延，在较大规模的网络上进行精确的仿真是可能的。

To introduce traffic management and operation schemes, effects and influences on traffic flows should be estimated precisely. To this end, two traffic simulation methods in urban road networks are developed in this study.1. One is an equilibrium traffic assignment modelcombined with estimation of junction delays. For each turning flows, junction delays are induced analytically as a function of flows and traffic signal control parameters. Traffic assignment used an iterative procedure, and flow-delay curves are selected based on latest link flows. In this method, precise modeling of junction flows was enabled and estimation process was sharply promoted in efficiency compared with usual simulation model. Through an application to Kobe city, it was cleared that the model is useful for estimation of traffic management and operation schemes.2. The other is a precise network simulation method, which represents traffic flows on a road network dynamically, modelling motions of individual vehicles. The characteristics of the model is to represent the constitution of roads as a detailed network and to move vehicles taking into account the mutual interaction of vehicles and the coordination with signal indications. The model produces signal settings and route choice endogenously, and has a faculty of computer graphics presentation of the traffic flow state on a network. Through practical simulations, it was cleared that the model reproduces interaction delays adequately and that the exact simulation is possible on a fairly large scale network.