Study of Structure of Unstable Nuclei by the Variational Shell Model

编制了基于变分壳模型计算能量极小和单粒子波函数的计算机程序。虽然核子-核子相互作用仍限于δ函数及其导数，但本程序使我们能得到精确解。以前只能得到一个近似解，我们进行了目前的研究计划，以便能用变分壳模型（VSM）来描述各种核的结构，包括极端条件下的核。利用Skyrme III相互作用，它实际上是一种最标准的相互作用，用VSM很好地再现了中子晕和^ Be的反常基态<11>，用类似的计算，也很好地再现了质量数约为10的核的能级、电四极矩、磁矩等。为了研究丰中子核中的核子-核子有效相互作用，进行了Hartree-Fock（HF）计算。通过这种HF计算，预测了丰中子不稳定核中子皮的存在及其特征。在VSM计算中，中子晕自然出现在稳定核的激发态中，我们提出这种波函数可以通过直接中子俘获实验来证实。

The computer program for calculating energy minimum and single-particle wave functions based on the Variational Shell Model has been completed. Although the nucleon-nucleon interaction is still restricted to delta function and its derivative, this program enables us to obtain the exact solution. Previously only an approximate solution could be obtained.We heve carried out the present research program so that one can describe the structure of various nuclei, including those under extreme conditions, in terms of the Variational Shell Model (VSM). By using the Skyrme III interaction, which is actually a most standard interaction, the neutron halo and anomalous ground state of ^<11>Be have been reproduced quite well by the VSM.By similar calculations, energy levels, electric quadrupole moments, magnetic moments, etc.have been reproduced well for nuclei with the mass number about 10. In order to study effective nucleon-nucleon interactions in neutron-rich nuclei, Hartree-Fock (HF) calculations have been performed. By such HF calculations, the presence and the characteristic features of the neutron skin were predicted for neutron-rich unstable nuclei. The nuetron halo appears naturally in excited states of stable nuclei in the VSM calculations, and we proposed that the wave functions of such can be confirmed by direct neutron capture experiments.