Subjective Evaluation of Several Intonations in Piano

本研究的目的是调查钢琴演奏几种语调的整体主观可接受性。音乐材料是四首钢琴作品的节选：一首莫扎特奏鸣曲，一首巴赫的温文尔雅的键盘琴和一首勋伯格的短曲。他们以五种语调演奏，即均调调、韦克迈斯特第一调、柯恩伯格第三调、毕达哥拉斯调和正义调。毕达哥拉斯和正义的语调是由C大调调整的，与演奏无关。13EA02：在实验1和2中，7名受过音乐训练的学生和13名受过较少音乐训练的学生参加了实验。他们被要求对上述五种语调中的所有可能的语调进行比较判断。结果是，在两个实验中，等温调的语调都得到了很高的评价。实验三将五种语调的四首曲子呈现给大约60名受过音乐训练的学生，并要求他们对自己的主观可接受性进行5分制的评分。结果表明，除巴赫的曲子外，等温调的语调在三首曲子中都得到了很高的评价。在巴赫的作品中，等温调的语调被评为与Werckmeister和Kirnberger语调一样高的音调。在莫扎特的奏鸣曲中，等调的语调也与毕达哥拉斯的语调一样受到高度评价。Just语调被评为四首曲子中最低的一首。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the overall subjective acceptability of the performances playd by the piano in several intonations. Musical materials were excerpts of four piano pieces : a Mozart sonata, a Bach's well-tempered clavier and a Schoenberg's short composition. They were playd in five kinds of intonations, namely the equaltempered, the Werckmeister No.1, the Kirnberger No.3, the Pythagorean and the just intonations. The Pythagorean and the just intonations were tuned by C major, regardless of performances.13EA02 : In experiment 1 and 2, seven musically trained students and thirteen less trained students participated. They were asked to make comparative judgments for all possible pairs of the above five intonations. The result was that the equal-tempered intonation was highly rated in both experiments. In experiment 3, four pieces in five kinds of intonations were presented to about sixty musically trained students and they were asked to rate their subjective acceptability on a five point of scale.The result was that the equal-tempered intonation was highly rated in three pieces, except Bach's piece. In Bach's piece, the equal-tempered intonation was rated as highly as the Werckmeister and the Kirnberger intonations. In a Mozart's sonata, the equal-tempered intonation was also rated as highly as the Pythagorean intonation. The just intonation was rated as the lowest in four pieces.