Non-protein amino acids reflect the phylogeny of living organisms? -in the case of the genus Amanita (Basidiomycotina).

大多数真菌属于鹅膏菌亚属鳞翅亚属Roanokens组，富含物种特有的非蛋白质氨基酸。这项研究的目的是在更多种类的真菌中确定这一现象，并结合形态学的考虑，探讨非蛋白质氨基酸--这两种氨基酸及其分布模式--是否反映了真菌分类群内的系统发育关系。虽然我们只分析了三种真菌，但氨基酸的物种特异性大大增强。此外，两种近缘关系密切的真菌Amanita abrupta和A.hongoconica含有相同的含氯(2S)-2-氨基-5-氯-6-羟基-4-己烯酸。这两种真菌的子实体在外观上有很大的差异。本项目第一年分析的真菌被鉴定为与A.cokeri(Gilb.et Kuhn)Gilb.f.roseotincta Nagawa&Hongo非常接近的物种。然而，后来的精确形态调查表明，考虑一个新种是合理的。目前正在准备它的手稿。

Most of the fungi belonging the genus Amanita, subgenus Lepidella, section Roanokenses accumulate species-specific non-protein amino acids. The aim of this research project was to ascertain this phenomenon in more kinds of fungal species and to investigate, together with the morphological consideration, if non-protein amino acids-both kinds and their distribution pattern-reflect the phylogenetical relationships within the taxon of fungi.Although we could analyze for two years only three kind of fungi, species-specificity of the amino acids has greatly strengthen. Furthermore, two closely related fungi, i.e. Amanita abrupta and A.hongoicontain the same specific chlorine-containing (2S)-2-amino-5-choloro-6-hydroxy-4-hexenoic acid. Fruitbodies of these two fungi differ each other greatly in appearance. Such analytical data could be possible to be utilize for the identification of fungi which are not easy to distinguish from each other by morphological characters.The fungi analyzed in the first year in the present project had been identified with a very closely species to A.cokeri (Gilb.et Kuhn) Gilb.f.roseotincta Nagasawa & Hongo. Later precisc morphological investigation, however, revealed that it is reasonable to consider a new species. Manuscript for it is now in preparing.