Single crystal low temperature ultrafast fluorescence microscope

新的大型设备将用于探测新材料的基本光学，电子和光电特性。最大的问题是这些材料的组成和结构如何决定这些性质。有了这些知识，材料可以针对特定的光电应用进行定制和优化，如激光器，LED或太阳能电池。研究的基础将是纳米结构材料，因为它们通常很容易重复合成。此外，一旦充分收缩，它们就会表现出量子限制效应，这有助于理解这些材料的内部工作原理。这些效果还提供了一种调整材料属性的额外方法。该设备中包含的激光源具有短激发波长（<400 nm）和超短脉冲（300 fs）以及超快探测器，是该小组计划的重要组成部分。这将使该小组的实验更加专注于单晶和其中发生的超快过程，如非辐射能量转移（FRET）或激子-激子湮灭。四种材料系统将成为实验的基础：a）卤化物钙钛矿纳米晶体，B）碳量子点，c）掺杂氨基酸的ZnO晶体（ZnO-AA）和d）混合等离子体激子纳米结构。卤化物钙钛矿的主要目标是克服稳定性问题以及它们在可见光谱的蓝色部分中的不良性能。增强稳定性的方法包括在聚合物胶束内生长纳米晶体，从而能够微调尺寸并防止环境诱导的降解。增强蓝光发射的一个有前途的候选者是二维纳米片。这两种纳米系统都有很大的潜力，但需要了解它们的合成和基本性质，特别是在单晶水平上。它们的总体性能和光电一体化战略的发展也有更大的改进余地。碳量子点和ZnO晶体都是有机和无机成分的有趣混合材料。用途广泛，通常在蓝色/紫外光谱中，范围从LED到生物标记物，甚至LED。碳量子点已被证明难以理解，需要单晶研究来解开形态和光学性质之间的相互作用。由于碳量子点的小尺寸和必要的紫外光激发，这些研究已经被证明是难以捉摸的。将氨基酸掺入ZnO晶体结构中能够调节晶体性质，然而，这背后的确切机制还远未被理解。等离子体结构将与这些（主要是激子）纳米材料相结合，以增强和调节它们的吸收和发射特性，例如，使强单光子源成为可能。

The new large apparatus will be used to probe the fundamental optical, electronic and optoelectronic properties of novel materials. The large question is how the composition and structure of these materials determine these properties. With this knowledge, the materials can be tailored and optimized for specific optoelectronic applications, such as lasers, LEDs or solar cells. The base for the investigations will be nanostructured materials, as they are often easy to synthesize reproducibly. Moreover, once shrunk down sufficiently, they exhibit quantum confinement effects, which can be beneficial for understanding the inner workings of these materials. These effects also offer an additional way to tune the material properties. The laser source included in the device with its short excitation wavelengths (<400 nm) and extra short pulses (300 fs) as well as the ultrafast detector is an important component for the plans of the group. They will allow the group’s experiments to focus more on single crystals and ultrafast processes occurring therein, such as nonradiative energy transfer (FRET) or exciton-exciton annihilation.Four material systems will be the foundation of the experiments: a) halide perovskite nanocrystals, b) carbon dots, c) ZnO crystals doped with amino acids (ZnO-AA) and d) hybrid plasmonic-excitonic nanostructures. The main goal for the halide perovskites is overcoming the stability problems as well as their poor performance in the blue part of the visible spectrum. The approach to enhance stability involves growing the nanocrystals inside polymer micelles, enabling fine-tuning of the sizes and protection against environmentally-induced degradation. A promising candidate for enhancing the blue emission are two-dimensional nanoplatelets. Both of these nanosystems have great potential, but much needs to be understood about their synthesis and fundamental properties, especially on the single crystal level. There is also more room for improvement in their overall performance and for developing strategies for optoelectronic integration. Both the carbon dots and the ZnO crystals are interesting hybrid materials with organic and inorganic components. Usages are widespread, typically in the blue/ultraviolet spectrum, ranging from LEDs to biomarkers and even photocatalysis. Carbon dots have proven elusive to understand and require single crystal studies to unravel the interplay between morphology and optical properties. These studies have proven elusive due to the carbon dots' small size and the necessary ultraviolet optical excitation. Incorporation amino acids into the ZnO crystal structure enables tuning of the crystal properties, however, the exact mechanism behind this is far from being understood. Plasmonic structures will be coupled with these (mainly excitonic) nanomaterials to enhance and tune their absorption and emission properties, enabling, for examale, strong single-photon sources.