Demand and values of Nature’s Contributions to People (NCP)

在非洲，快速城市化导致对自然对人类贡献的需求急剧增加。了解自然保护区的需求以及这种需求如何在利益攸关方之间分配，已被认为是有效评估和管理自然保护区的关键;然而，自然保护区的需求在科学文献中，特别是在非洲山区，仍然没有得到充分的探讨。在这个子项目SP3中，我们的目标是揭示基利曼哈罗的主要利益相关者群体对规范、物质和非物质NCP的不同价值观的需求，并从中引出不同的价值观。此外，我们将确定在何种程度上的需求和价值观的调节，物质和非物质的NCP是由Chagga人和咖啡农民举行的土著和地方知识（ILK）的保护形成。次级方案3分为三个工作包（WP）。在WP 1中，我们将通过定性方法（即半结构化访谈和照片语音）深入了解NCP的需求和价值。在第二工作计划中，我们会透过调查评估对NCP的需求，并得出NCP值。在WP 3中，我们将确定对NCP的需求和价值观在多大程度上受到Chagga人和咖啡农的ILK的影响，他们可能拥有当地知识。SP3的结果将有助于（1）了解决定物质，非物质和调节NCP需求的人口，社会和文化因素;（2）揭示多个利益相关者群体对管制性、物质性和非物质性NCP认可的内在价值、工具价值和关系价值;（3）评估以非货币形式评估NCP的方法学工具;以及（4）将提供关于如何将ILK纳入NCP需求和估值评估的证据。次级方案3将与其他次级项目密切合作。首先，我们将与SP1和SP2合作，确定供应（SP1和SP2）和需求（SP3）量化的NCP。其次，在次级方案3中获得的关于不同利益攸关方如何要求国家联络点的知识将有助于理解国家联络点如何促进其福祉（次级方案4）。此外，次级方案3和次级方案4在国家清洁生产的估值方面是互补的：次级方案3将得出非货币方面的国家清洁生产价值，而次级方案4将得出货币价值。次级方案3和次级方案5之间的合作将有助于揭示哪些体制因素决定物质、非物质和调节性国家清洁生产的需求和价值。最后，通过调查建立的评估国家清洁生产需求和价值的指标将用于次级方案7的模式。

In Africa, the rapid urbanization is leading to a dramatic increase of the demand for nature’s contributions to people (NCP). Understanding the demand of NCP and how this is distributed among stakeholders has been acknowledged as essential for the effective assessment and management of NCP; however, NCP demand remains largely underexplored in scientific literature, particularly in African mountains. In this subproject SP3, we aim to unravel the demand for and elicit the diverse values of regulating, material and non-material NCP expressed by the main stakeholder groups at Kilimanjaro. In addition, we will determine to what extent the demand and values for regulating, material and non-material NCP are shaped by the preservation of indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) held by Chagga people and coffee farmers. SP3 is organized in three work packages (WP). In WP1, we will gain deep understanding of the demand for and values of NCP by conducting qualitative methods (i.e. semi-structured interviews and photo-voice). In WP2, we will assess the demand for NCP and elicit the NCP values through surveys. In WP3, we will determine to what extent demand for and values of NCP are shaped by ILK hold by Chagga people and coffee farmers, who presumably hold local knowledge.The outcomes of SP3 will contribute to (1) understand the demographical, social and cultural factors that determine the demand for material, non-material and regulating NCP; (2) unravel intrinsic, instrumental and relational values endorsed by multiple stakeholder groups to regulating, material and non-material NCP; (3) assess the methodological tools to value NCP in non-monetary terms; and (4) will provide evidence on how ILK can be incorporated in the assessment of NCP demand and valuation. SP3 will work very closely with the other subprojects. First, we will collaborate with SP1 and 2 to identify the NCP for which supply (SP1 &2) and demand (SP3) are quantified. Second, the knowledge gained in SP3 on how different stakeholders demand NCP will support understanding of how NCP contribute to their well-being (SP4). In addition, SP3 and SP4 are complementary in the valuation of NCP: while SP3 will elicit NCP values in non-monetary terms, SP4 will elicit monetary values. Collaboration between SP3 and SP5 will contribute to unravel which institutional factors determine the demand and values of material, non-material and regulating NCP. Finally, the indicators created through the surveys to assess the demand and values of NCP will be used in the models of SP7.