Mechanism of Tritium Gas Oxidation in the Environment

为了确定环境中真正将HT转化为氚水的是什么，从加拿大Chalk River实验室试验田的土壤和空气中分离出土壤和空气中的细菌，并对分离的菌株进行了HT氧化活性的筛选。从土壤中分离到的高温氧化细菌数量以表层最高，不同深度土壤中高温氧化细菌的出现率与土壤中高温氧化活性相当。这些结果表明，这些高温氧化细菌在土壤高温氧化中起主导作用。空气中羟色胺氧化细菌的发生率为2-4%。对部分高温氧化土壤和气传细菌进行了鉴定，主要为放线菌和高温氧化土壤细菌。从苔藓和松根中分离和鉴定了羟色胺氧化菌。

To determine what actually convert HT to tritiated water in the environment, soil and airborne bacteria were isolated from the soils and air in the test plots Chalk River Laboratories in Canada and the isolated strains were screened for HT oxidation activity. The number of HT-oxidizing bacteria isolated from soils was highest in the surface soils and the occurrence rates of HT-oxidizing bacteria in the soils different in depth were comparable with HT oxidation activity in the soils. These results indicated that these HT oxidizing bacteria play a dominant role in HT oxidation in soil. The occurrence rates of HT-oxidizing airborne bacteria were 2-4 %. The identification of some of HT-oxidizing soil and airborne bacteria was conducted and most of them were actinomycesas well as HT oxidizing soil bacteria. Isolation and identification of HT oxidizing bacteria from a moss and pine roots also conducted.