Study on the abolition of 4 waterworks in Edo during Kyouhou reformation

1.利用“玉川泉水”、“四德水泉水”等图纸、江户平面图和历史文献，明确了青山泉水、三田泉水、千川泉水和本城泉水4个废弃自来水厂的特征（建市日期、供水面积、取水口断面等）.利用《东京都四四口县志》、吉原的江户灾害年表、池上的江户消防系统论文，对4座废弃自来水厂供水区的灾害进行了调查。废除千川兑水的原因被认为是为了保护江户城的防火。废除本城举水的原因被认为是洪水。通过对“静德水葫芦”和“泉水器”的比较，考察了京丰玄文时期武藏野山灌溉的发展情况。已开发灌溉取水口总断面大于已废止自来水厂取水口总断面。已开发的灌区位于3座已废止水厂的上游。大保忠助在武藏野山的灌溉开发中发挥了重要作用。对Kyusou Muro关于江户消防的建议进行了研究。“自来水厂=火灾原因”的流行观点只是建议的一部分，它的主要部分解释了废除江户城东北部自来水厂的真实的政策。通过“中路博士纪念日本自来水厂历史”、“东京自来水厂历史”和“日本旧自来水厂”，创造了流行的观点。

1. Characteristics (foundation date, water supply area, cross-section of intake, etc) of 4 abolished waterworks (Aoyama jyousui, Mita jyousui, Senkawa jyousui and Honjyo jyousui) are made clear by use of drawings such as "Tamagawa jyousui o-ezu", "Syoutoku-suekorono jyousui-zu" , etc, plans in Edo and historical literatures.2. Using "Tokyo sisikou hensai-hen" , Yosiwara's chronological table on the disaster in Edo, and Ikegami's paper on the fire protection system in Edo, disasters in the water supply area of the 4 abolished waterworks are investigated. The reason of the abolition of Senkawa jyousui is considered for the fire protection of Edo castle. The reason of the abolition of Honjyo jyousui is considered for flood.3. By the comparison between "Syoutoku-suekorono jyousui-zu" and "Jyousuiki" , the developed irrigations at Musasino hill during Kyouhou-Genbun period are investigated. Total cross-section of the intake of developed irrigations is larger than that of the abolished waterworks. The developed irrigations are located upper reach of 3 abolished waterworks. Tadasuke Ohoka playd an impotant role in the irrigation development at Musasino hill.4. The suggestion on the fire protection in Edo by Kyusou Muro is examined. The popular view, "waterworks =cause of fire", is only a part of the suggestion, and the main part of it explained the real policy to abolish the waterworks which exits nothern part of Edo castle. The popular view is created trough "Dr.Nakaji's memorial Japan history of waterworks", "History of Tokyo waterworks" and "Old waterworks in Japan".