Development of a long-duration fright system using a super-pressure balloon

尽管科学气球因其灵活性和高成本效益而被用于空间研究，但由于气球在夜间由于气体体积的收缩而失去升力，飞行时间被限制在几天内。众所周知，保持气球内部正压的超压气球可以解决这个问题，尽管这种飞行器还没有实现。本研究的目的是在前人基础研究的基础上，研制出超压气球，并研制出一套燃料电池供电系统和卫星通信系统，以满足未来长时间飞行的需要。发展了超压气球的制造技术，包括钢丝绳与钢丝绳的连接方法，钢丝绳的紫外线屏蔽方法，生产误差的处理，尖底配件的开发，基于弹簧和质点方法的缩尺模型和数值模拟评估方法，以及气球串列飞行环境下的试验方法。我们成功地演示了一个体积为2000m^3的小型超压气球在飞行环境中可以承受安全系数为10的超压。我们开发了一种使用燃料电池的供电系统，重量为40公斤，输出功率为100W，没有外部加湿器3。我们研究了作为卫星通信系统候选的INMALSAT BGAN的特性

Although scientific balloons have been used for space researches due to their flexibility and high cost efficiency, the duration of the flights are limited to a few days, since balloons loose their lift at night due to the shrink of the gas volume. It is well known that the super-pressure balloon, which keeps the positive pressure inside the balloon, can solve this problem, though this vehicle has not yet realized. The purpose of this research is to develop this super-pressure balloon based on the previous fundamental studies and also to develop a power supply system using fuel cells and a satellite communication system for the coming long duration flights.Through the three years of the study, we obtained following results.1. We developed the manufacturing technique of the super-pressure balloon including the connection method of the gores and the tendon ropes, the shielding method for the rope against the ultraviolet light, the treatment of the production error, the development of the apex and nadir fittings, the evaluation method using scaled models and the numerical simulations based on the spring and particle method, and the test method at the flight environment using a tandem balloon flight. We successfully demonstrated that a small super-pressure balloon with a volume of 2,000m^3 can withstand the super pressure with a safety factor of 10 in the flight environment.2. We developed a power supply system using fuel cells with a weight of 40 kg and the output power of 100 W without external humidifiers3. We studied the properties of the INMALSAT BGAN as a satellite communication system candidate