Application of the optical-sensor for human circulation and nervous system related to environmental and exercise adaptabilities

已知脱水会影响体温调节反应和运动表现。维持血容量（BV）是提供循环稳定性、体温调节和维持运动性能的重要因素。先前的研究已经报道了BV与体温调节反应相关并有助于抑制运动中的体温过高的事实（[Convertino（1983）] ; [Fortney等人（1988）] ; [Mack等人（1994）]）。众所周知，由热脱水和皮肤血管中的血液响应于热应激而进行性汇集引起的血容量减少了中心循环血容量。在这些条件下，皮肤血管收缩导致在热环境中过度储热。在炎热的环境中运动时，出汗率和皮肤血流量的增加可以增强散热，防止体温过高。热疗本身被认为会限制有氧运动能力（[Nielsen等人（1993）]）。热、运动、精神紧张或姿势变化等作为循环动力学发生巨大变化的环境因素是众所周知的。然后，本研究开发了小型便携式数据记录器，可通过2.56kHz测量连续14小时高速采样，用于分析人类适应性。此外，通过使用该装置连续和同时测量皮肤血流量和脉搏波（这是心血管系统的指标）来检查人体对热和运动应激的适应性。结果，能够根据皮肤血流信号中包含的脉搏波信号的测量来评价交感神经功能，并且能够分析人的适应性。

Dehydration is known to affect thermoregulatory response and exercise performance. The maintenance of blood volume (BV) is an important factor for providing circulatory stability, thermoregulatory and maintaining performance during exercise. The fact that the BV associates with thermoregulatory responses and contributes to inhibition of hyperthermia in exercise has been reported by previous studies ([Convertino (1983)] ; [Fortney et al. (1988)] ; [Mack et al. (1994)]). It has been well known that Hypovolemia induced by thermal dehydration and progressive pooling of blood in cutaneous blood vessels in response to heat stress reduces the central circulating blood volume. Under these conditions cutaneous vasoconstriction leads to excessive heat storage in hot environment. Increases in sweat rate and skin blood flow during exercise in hot environment enhance heat dissipation and prevent hyperthermia. Hyperthermia itself has been suggested to limit aerobic performance ([Nielsen et al. (1993)]). Heat, exercise, mental stress or postural change, etc. as environmental factors in which the circulation dynamics is greatly changed were known well. Then, the small size and portable data logger the 14 hours continuous, high-speed sampling by 2.56kHz measurement was possible with optical-sensors, to analyze human adaptability was developed in this research. In addition, human adaptability to heat and exercise stress were examined by continuous and simultaneous measuring the skin blood flow and the pulse wave that was the index of the cardiovascular system with this device. As a result, the sympathetic nerve function was able to be evaluated from the measurement of the signal of the pulse wave included in the signal of skin blood flow, and human adaptability was able to be analyzed.