Federal Integration and Advanced Reusing Technologies for Scientific and Technological Knowledge Resources including Retrieval and Computation Services

在本研究项目之前，还没有能够实现知识资源的联邦集成和重用的技术，从Web上的知识资源中提取相关的知识片段，并将其关联起来，以便将其联邦集成为新的可重用知识资源。用户需要手动创建服务的每个输出的副本，并将其放入另一个服务的输入表单中。否则，他们需要依赖Web服务技术。在后一种情况下，需要公开服务器的API，并且需要进行一些编程工作，这可能适用于常规知识集成的定义，但不适用于特别的知识联合。一些服务可能以图形方式输出结果。对具有2D和3D gui的服务的知识联合的需求越来越大。本研究旨在为科技知识资源的联邦整合和高级重用建立通用技术，包括信息检索、数据库和仿真系统等检索和计算服务。为了实现这一目标，我们开发了以下5种通用软件技术：(1)通过Web将相关知识片段交互提取为表格形式；(2)将提取的知识片段进行联合和集成；(3)将提取的知识资源与遗留应用进行联合和集成；(4)对联合和集成能力进行元信息描述，并基于这种描述进行自动联合；(5)为新组成的知识资源提供发布和分发基础设施。Web将相互关联的知识资源作为文本列表嵌入到Web页面中，或者作为同一Web应用程序的输入和输出。该项目建立了一种新技术，将它们提取为可互操作和相互关联的资源。我们提出了一种新的表示格式，即知识媒体视图，用于表示提取的知识资源并将其联合起来。对于具有2D和3D gui的遗留应用程序，我们通过将用于2D和2D应用程序集成的阴影复制技术扩展到用于2D和3D应用程序集成的阴影复制技术以及用于3D和3D应用程序集成的阴影复制技术，开发了新的视图集成技术。将这些技术与知识媒体视图表示联系起来，建立了从Web中提取的任意知识片段与任意遗留应用程序之间的知识联合技术。少

Before this research project, there were no enabling technologies for the federal integration and reuse of knowledge resources to extract related knowledge fragments from knowledge resources over the Web, and to relate them for their federal integration into a new reusable knowledge resource. Users needed to manually make a copy of each output of a service and to put it into an input form of another service. Or otherwise, they needed to rely on Web Service technologies. In the latter case, API of the servers needs to be publicized and some programming effort is required, which may work for the definition of routine knowledge integration, but cannot work for ad hoc knowledge federation. Some services may graphically out put their results. There are increasing needs for the knowledge federation of services with 2D and 3D GUIs. This research aimed at the establishment of the generic technologies for the federal integration and advanced reuse of scientific and technological knowledge resou … More rces including the retrieval and computation services such as information retrieval, database, and simulation systems. In order to achieve this goal, we have developed the following 5 generic software technologies: (1) interactive extraction of related knowledge fragments over the Web into a tabular form, (2) federation and integration of extracted knowledge fragments, (3) federation and integration of extracted knowledge resources with legacy applications, (4) meta information description about the federation and integration capabilities, and automatic federation based on such descriptions, and (5) publication and distribution infrastructure for newly composed knowledge resources. The Web has mutually related knowledge resources embedded in Web pages as a list in a text or as inputs and outputs of the same web application. This project established a new technology to extract them as interoperable and mutually relatable resources. We proposed a new representation format named the knowledge media view to represent extracted knowledge resources and to federate them. For legacy applications with 2D and 3D GUIs, we have developed a new view integration technologies by extending the shadow copy technologies from those for the integration of 2D and 2D applications to those for the 2D and 3D applications integration and for the 3D and 3D application integration. We have related these technologies to the knowledge media view representation, and established the knowledge federation technologies between an arbitrary knowledge fragments extracted from the Web and an arbitrary legacy application. Less