Aerosol characterization by using Mt. Fuji as an observation tower

东亚是一个发展迅速的工业地区，排放的气溶胶及其前体气体种类繁多，成分各异。它们表现出深刻的时空变化，主要是由于它们的停留时间相对较短。为更好地评估气候影响等，对气溶胶特征(浓度、粒度分布、成分、光学性质以及与云和雾过程的关系等)进行观测。因此，在自由对流层中是必不可少的。为此，在山上开展了气溶胶及其前体的研究。富士山是日本孤立的最高峰(3776米)。在山顶(3776米)，7.8点(3400米)进行了三次强化观测活动。和太郎(1300m a.s.1)等，在2005-2007年夏季。发现气溶胶和前驱气体在夜间处于自由对流层条件下，受局部山风和谷风的支配。I…发现的物种的起源高层大气在夜间和白天似乎有所不同。此外，如果锋面活动为污染物的输送创造了有利条件，即使在夏季也可以观察到各种大陆污染物。山脉和山谷在山上蜿蜒。通过比较山体上简易设备的地表观测和山脚下的地面观测和辐射探测，首次对富士进行了量化。从被动式采样器测得的0_3和NO_x的垂直平均剖面来看，夏季形成混合层的尺度约为2公里。由于污染源少，山脚下没有多少污染源。富士，包括太郎，可以为城市的空气污染提供参考。评估生态系统对酸雨和雾的反应将是可能的。虽然用现有的大气输送模式对观测资料进行了概化，但应采用替代的区域输送模式，根据区域输送的地理位置。未来，富士的表达更贴切。较少

East Asia is such a growing industrial region that many kinds of the aerosol and its precursor gas haying different composition are emitted. They display profound temporal and spatial variations due mainly to their relatively short residence time. For the better assessment of climatic impacts, etc., observations on aerosol characteristics (concentration, size distribution, composition, optical property and relations to cloud and fog processes, etc.) in the free troposphere are thus essential. Hence, research on aerosol and its precursor was carried out at Mt. Fuji, an isolated highest peak in Japan (3776m a.s.1.).Three intensified observation campaigns were carried out at the summit (3776m a.s.1.), 7.8 point (3400m a.s.1.) and Tarou-bou (1300m a.s.1.), etc. of the mountain during summers of 2005-2007. It was found that the aerosol and the precursor gas are ruled by local mountain and valley winds, being under a free tropospheric condition during night. The origin of the species found i … More n the upper atmosphere seems different between night and day. Moreover, various continental pollutants could be observed even in summer if the frontal activity creates favorable conditions for the transport. The mountain and valley winds at Mt. Fuji were quantified for the first time by comparing the surface observations by simple equipments on the mountain body with those at the mountain foot and radiosounding. A scale of the developed mixed layer turned out to be, from vertical averaged profile of 0_3 and NO_x by passive samplers, about 2km during summer. Because of few pollution sources, foot of Mt. Fuji including Tarou-bou can serve reference concerning the air pollution of the city. Evaluation of ecosystem response against acid rain and the fog would be possible there. Although the observational data was generalized by a present atmospheric transport model, alternative regional transport model should be used, by which geography of Mt. Fuji is more properly expressed, in the future. Less