Economic Benefits and Social Costs of Receiving Foreign Workers: A Survey on Small and Medium Firms and Community in Japan

近年来，由于出生率下降和老龄化，日本几乎所有行业的劳动力短缺都令人担忧。 特别是在区域地区，人口减少和老龄化导致更多的工业衰退和社区弱化。 这项研究审查了农业领域工业培训和技术实习方案接受外国劳工的情况。 在各地区，劳动力的数量和质量绝对有限。 因此，这种情况使得规模经济的管理变得困难，年轻人无法在这些地区找到工作和生活。 该方案有助于解决劳动力短缺问题并维持工业。 但也存在语言障碍和文化误解等问题。 此外，非政府组织和劳工派遣国政府报告说，劳资关系出现了一些严重问题，没有付款，受训人员逃跑。

These days, Japan has been concerned over the labour force scarcity in almost all industries due to the falling birthrate and aging. Particularly in the regional areas, a depopulation and aging cause more industrial decline and community weakening. This study examines the foreign labour acceptance by the Industrial Training and Technical Internship Programme in the field of agriculture. The quantity and quality of work force is absolutely limited in the regional areas. Therefore, the condition makes it difficult that a management for economy of scale, and the youth cannot find the workplace and their life in the areas. The programme contributes to the solving the lack of labour and maintains the industries. While, there are some problems on language barrier and the cultural misunderstanding. Furthermore, NGO and labour sending government reported that there are some serious cases of the trouble in the labor-management relations, no payments, and the escape of the trainees.